RETRAL 



1261 



RETROPHARYJSGITIS 



Retral (re'-tral) [retro, backward]. Situated toward 

 the back ; posterior, caudal. 



Retrenchment (re-trench' -ment) [Fr. , retrenchement ~\. 

 A plastic operation the object of which is to obtain cica- 

 tricial contraction by the removal of superfluous tissue. 



Retriment (ret' - ri-ment) [retrimentum, refuse]. 

 Dregs ; refuse, or marc. 



Retro- (re'-tro-) [retro, back]. A prefix meaning back- 

 iox behind ; usually relating to place or position. 



Retroaction (re-tro-ak' -shun) [retro, backward; agere, 

 to do]. Reverse action. 



Retroanterograde (re-tro-anl' -er-o-grad) [retro, back- 

 ward; an ten us, before; gredi, to go] . Reversing the 

 order of succession. R. Amnesia, a perversion of the 

 memory in which recent events are referred to a far-off 

 and past time, while the occurrences of the remote past 

 seem recent. 



Retro buccal (re-tro-bttk'-al) [retro, back ; bucca; the 

 mouth]. Pertaining to the back part of the mouth, or 

 of the cheek. 



Retrobulbar (re-tro-bul' -bar) [retro, back ; bulbus, 

 bulb]. Situated or occurring behind the eyeball. 

 R. Neuritis, inflammation in the orbital part of the 

 optic nerve. R. Perineuritis, inflammation of the 

 sheath of the orbital part of the optic nerve. 



Retrocedent (re-tro-se'-dent) [retro, back; cedere, to 

 go]. Pertaining to a retrograde condition or action of 

 disease ; going back ; disappearing from the surface, 

 as an eruption. R. Gout. See Gout. 



Retroceps (re'-tro-seps) [Fr.]. A variety of obstetric 

 forceps used to grasp the fetal head from behind. 



Retrocervical (re-tro-ser'-vik-l) [retro, behind; cervix, 

 the neck]. Situated behind the cervix uteri. 



Retrocession (re-tro-sesh'-un) [retrocession . Disap- 

 pearance from the surface, as of an exanthem. R. of 

 Labor, of Charrier, a rare condition in which, after 

 labor has begun, but before the membranes are rup- 

 tured, the uterine contractions cease, and the cervix, 

 formerly a small ring, becomes a canal again. 



Retroclavicularis (re-tro-kla-vik-u-la' -ris) [retro, be- 

 hind ; clavicula, the clavicle]. See Sterno-clavicu- 

 laris posticus. 



Retroclusion (re-tro-klu' -zhun) [retro, back ; claudere, 

 to shut]. A form of acupressure, in which the pin is 

 passed first above the artery, twisted a half circle and 

 then driven below the artery into the tissues upon the 

 side first entered. 



Retrocollic (re-lro-kol'-ik) [retro, back ; collis, the nape 

 of the neck]. Pertaining to the muscles at the back 

 of the neck. R. Spasm, that form of wry-neck in- 

 volving the retrocollic muscles. Spasmodic torticollis. 



Retrocopulant (re-tro-kop'-u-lant) [retro, back; copu- 

 lans, copulating]. Copulating backward or from 

 behind. 



Retrocopulation (re-tro-kop-u-la' -shun) [retro, back- 

 ward ; copidare, to copulate]. The act of copulating 

 from behind or aversely. 



Retrodeviation ( re - tro - de - ve - a'- shun) [retro, back ; 

 donatio, a wandering]. Any backward displacement ; 

 a retroflexion or retroversion. 



Retrodisplacement (re-tro-dis-plas'-ment)[retro, back ; 

 OF., desplacer, to put out of place]. Displacement 

 backward of a part or organ. 



Retro-esophageal (re - tro -e- so -fa/- e-al) [retro, be- 

 hind ; oiffo^dyoc, esophagus]. Located behind the 

 esophagus. 



Retroflected (re-tro-flek'-ted). Same as Retroflexed. 



Retroflection (re-tro-flek'-shun). See Retroflexion. 



Retroflex [re'-tro fleks) [retro, back ; flectere, to turn]. 

 Turning back abruptly. 



Retroflexed (re-tro-fleksf) [retro, back ; flectere, bend]. 

 P^i.t backward. 



Retroflexion (re-tro-flek'-shun) [retro, back ; flectere^ 

 to bend]. Any abrupt displacement, bending or 

 changing of normal direction. R. of Uterus. See 

 Uterus. 



Retro fract (re'-tro-frakt). Same as Refracted. 



Retrogenerative (re-tro-jen' -er-a-tiv). Same as Retro- 

 copulant. 



Retrognathous (re-trog' -na-thus) [retro, backward; 

 (top, jaw]. Retracted jaw. 



Retrograde (re'-tro-grdd, or ret' -ro-graa) [retro, back- 

 ward ; gradus, a step] . Receding, or going backward. 

 R. Carcinoma, a carcinoma which grows firmer and 

 less in size and remains so. R. Metamorphosis, 

 katabolic change. 



Retrograde (re'-tro-grdd, or ret' -ro-grad) [retrogradi, 

 go backward]. In biology, (i) showing degeneration 

 from a more complex structure or higher function to a 

 lower one. 2. Descriptive of animals that walk or 

 swim backward. 



Retrography (re / -tro-gra/e) [retro, back ; ypafyeiv, to 

 write]. Writing backward ; a symptom of certain 

 nervous diseases. 



Retrogressive (re-tro-gres'-iv) [retrogressus]. Declin- 

 ing in strength ; degenerating. In biology, degenera- 

 tion, backward metamorphosis, as the transformation 

 of bracts into foliage leaves, stamens into petals, sepals 

 into bracts, etc. 



Retro-insular (re-tro-in' -su-lar) [retro, behind ; insu- 

 la, island]. Situated or occurring behind the in- 

 sula, or island of Reil. R*. Convolutions, two or 

 three convolutions behind the insula and wholly 

 within the fissure of Sylvius. 



Retrojection (re-tro-jek' -shun) [retro, back; jectio, a 

 throwing]. The washing out of a cavity from within 

 outward. 



Retro-lingual (re-tro-lin' -gwal) [retro, back; lingua, 

 tongue]. Relating to that part of the throat back of 

 the tongue. Serving to retract the tongue. 



Retro-location (re-tro-lo-ha'-shun) [retro, back ; loca- 

 tio, location]. Same as Retro-position, q. v. 



Retro-malleolar (re - tro - trial- e'- o - lar) [retro, back ; 

 malleolus, malleolus]. Located back of a malleolus. ' 



Retromammary (re - tro - mam'- ar - e) [retro, behind ; 

 mamma, breast]. Situated or occurring behind a 

 mammary gland. 



Retro-maxillary (re - tro - maks'- il-a - re) [retro, back ; 

 maxilla, maxilla]. Situated behind the maxilla. 



'Retromorphosis (re-tro- mor'-fo-sis) [retro , back ; uoptit), 

 form]. Katabolism; retrograde metamorphosis ; kata- 

 bolic change. 



Retro-nasal (re -tro- na'-zal) [retro, behind; nasus, 

 nose]. Situated back of the nose or nasal cavities. 



Retro-ocular (re-tro-ok' -u-lar) [retro, behind ; oculus, 

 the eye]. Situated behind the eyeball. Same as 

 Retrobulbar. 



Retroperitoneal (re-tro-per-it-on-e'-al) [retro, behind ; 

 irepirovatov, peritoneum]. Occurring or situated be- 

 hind the peritoneum. R. Hernia, hernia of the in- 

 testine into the iliac fossa back of the peritoneum. 



Retroperitoneum (re-tro-per-U-on-e' -um) [retro,behind ; 

 ~epiTovaiov, peritoneum]. The retro-peritoneal space. 



Retroperitonitis (re-tro-p : r-it-on-i' -lis) [retro, behind ; 

 ~epirovaiov, peritoneum; rric;, inflammation]. In- 

 flammation of the retroperitoneal structures. 



Retropharyngeal (re-tro-far-in' -je-al ) [retro, behind ; 

 oapv] ,\f , the pharynx]. Situated or occurring behind 

 the pharynx. Pertaining to parts situated behind the 

 pharynx. R. Abscess, abscess occurring in the.tissues 

 back of the pharynx. . 



Retropharyngitis (re-tro-far-in-ji'-tis) [retro, be- 

 hind; oapv/i, pharynx; trie, inflammation]. In- 

 flammation of the retropharyngeal tissues. 



