SOLUTE 



1340 



SOMATOPLEURA 



ens into a firm varnish when applied to bandages 

 and dressings. S. Primrose. Same as Erythro- 

 sin. S. Starch (C 6 H 10 O 5 ). Amylodextrin ; a sub- 

 stance obtained by heating starch paste to 40 C. 

 on a water-bath and digesting with a small amount of 

 saliva. The solution loses its opalescent appearance 

 and becomes limpid and clear, like water. It is dex- 

 trorotatory and does not reduce P'ehling's fluid. S. 

 Stool, feces of semi-solid consistency. 



Solute (so-lut*) [solvere, to set free]. In biology: (a) 

 free; not adhering or adnate ; (b) soluble. 



Solutio (so-lu* -she-o) [L.]. A solution. 



Solution (so-lu* -shun) [solutio, a solution]. The over- 

 coming of cohesion in the molecules of a solid by 

 means of a liquid menstruum and their diffusion among 

 those of the liquid. The infusion of the molecules of 

 a gaseous or of a liquid substance among those of a 

 liquid ; a liquid in which a solid has been dissolved; " a 

 homogeneous mixture exerting an osmotic pressure." 

 S., Arsenical, Liquor potassii arsenitis. S., Bur- 

 nett's, an aqueous solution of zinc chlorid. S., Centi- 

 normal, a solution T i ff of the strength of a normal 

 solution. S. of Contiguity, the separation of two 

 parts normally in contact. S. of Continuity, division 

 of a tissue by traumatism, inflammation, or disease. 

 S., Decinormal, a solution -X. of the strength of 

 a normal solution. S., Dobell's, a solution contain- 

 ing 2 drams of borax, 1 of sodium bicarbonate, 45 grains 

 of carbolic acid, I oz. of glycerin, and water to make I 

 pint. S., Donovan's, a solution of the iodids of arsenic 

 and mercury. S., Fehling's, a solution of cupric sul- 

 phate, potassium tartrate, and sodium hydrate in water. 

 It is used in testing for sugar. See Tests, Table of. 

 S., Fowler's. Liquor potassii arsenitis. S., Kop- 

 peschaar's, a decinormal bromin volumetric solution. 

 It is employed to test the strength of carbolic acid. 

 S., Labarraque's, a solution of chlorinated soda. 

 S., Lugol's, a solution of iodin and potassium iodid 

 in water. S., Magendie's, a solution of 16 grains of 

 sulphate of morphin in 1 oz. of water. S., Mayer's, 

 decinormal mercuric potassium iodid volumetric solu- 

 tion. S., Monsel's, Liquor ferri subsulphatis. S., 

 Normal, a standard solution containing in each liter 

 an amount of the reagent sufficient to exactly replace 

 or combine with one gram of hydrogen. S., Normal 

 Saline, a solution of 75 P ai "ts of sodium chlorid in 

 10,000 of water. S., Saturated, a solution in which 

 no more of the molecules of the solid can be diffused 

 through the menstruum. See also Liquor. S., Semi- 

 normal, a solution having y^ the strength of a normal 

 solution. S., Standard, a solution containing definite 

 quantities of chemicals whose exact reactions are 

 known. S., Standardized, one made of standard 

 strength. S., Vlemingkx's, a solution of quicklime 

 and flowers of sulphur in water. It is useful in 

 seborrhea. S., Volhard's, decinormal potassium 

 sulphocyanate volumetric solution. S., Volumetric. 

 See .S". , Standard. 



Solutol (sol'-u-tol) [solvere, to dissolve]. An alkaline 

 solution of cresol in sodium cresol. It is prepared by 

 adding cresol to an excess of caustic soda and then 

 adding more cresol. It is used as a disinfectant. 



Solvent (sol* -vent) [solvere, to dissolve]. A liquid 

 menstruum for effecting solution or overcoming molec- 

 ular cohesion. Water is the chief solvent for crystal- 

 line substances and salts, alcohol for gums and resins, 

 and ether, chloroform, and benzine for fats. 



Solveol (sol'-ve-ol). A neutral solution of cresol in 

 sodium cresol ; it is disinfectant and makes a clear 

 mixture with water: 0.3 per cent, solutions may be 

 used for asepsis; 0.5 percent, solutions for antisepsis. 



Solvine (sol'-vin) [solvere, to dissolve]. One of a 



number of liquids obtained from certain oils, by the 

 action of concentrated sulphuric acid. They are 

 blood-poisons, dissolving the red corpuscles. See 

 Sulphoricineolic Acid. 



Soma (so*-mah) [aufia, the body: //., Somatal. In 

 biology, the body alone, considered without the limbs. 



Somacule (so*-mak-ul) [dim. of cofia, the body], 

 Foster's term for a physiologic unit corresponding to, 

 but greatly more complex than, the chemic molecule, 

 any division of which will interfere with its physiologic 

 specificity. 



Somascesis (so-mas-se*-sis). See Gymnastics. 



Somatic (so-mat* -ik) [oufcaTinSg ; cufia, body]. Per- 

 taining to the body or organism as a whole. S. Cavity, 

 the body-cavity or perivisceral cavity. S. Cells, un- 

 differentiated body-cells or parenchyma-cells. S. 

 Death, the final cessation of all vital activities in the 

 body at large. See Death. S. Mesoderm, the upper 

 or outer leaf of the mesoderm (Hautfaserblatt) separated 

 by the ccelomic fissure from the lower or inner leaf. 

 (Darmfaserblatt). S. Musculature, the muscles of 

 the outer wall of the body-cavity or somatopleure, as 

 distinguished from those of the splanchnopleure, the 

 splanchnic musculature. 



Somatoblast (so-mat* -o-blast) [ouua, body ; (3?»ao-6c ,a 

 germ]. Any plastidule from which cell-material (in 

 contradistinction to nuclear material) is built up or 

 developed. 



Somatocyst (so-mat* -o-sisi) [aujia, the body ; Kvortf, 

 bladder]. In biology, a pneumatophore formed by 

 inflation of the stem or body, as in some Siphono- 

 phora (Physalia). 



Somatodidymus (so-mat-o-did*-im-us) [aufia, body; 

 6'idvfioq, twin] . A double monster having the trunks 

 united. 



Somato-etiologic (so-mat* -0- e-te-o-loj* -ik) [eo>/ia, body ; 

 alria, cause; Myog, science]. Relating to some men- 

 tal disturbance caused by physical disease. 



Somatogenic (so-mat-o-jen* -ik) [cufia, the body ; yevfc, 

 produced]. Pertaining to somatogeny. 



Somatogeny (so-mat-oj'-en-e) [au/j.a, body; yewav, 

 to produce]. The acquirement of bodily characters, 

 especially the acquirement of characters due to the en- 

 vironment. 



Somatologic (so-mat-o-loj* -ik) [au/ua, body ; /oyoc, 

 science]. Pertaining to somatology. 



Somatology (so-mat-ol* -o-je) [ouua, body ; 



science]. The study of anatomy and physiology, or 

 of organized bodies ; biology, apart from psychology. 



Somatome (so* -mat-om) [cufia, body; Toft/'/, section]. 

 In biology, a transverse segment of an organized body; 

 a somite ormetamere, actual or ideal. Goodsir's term 

 for one of the primitive segments of a vertebrate ; 

 " primitive vertebra ' ' ( Urwirbel ). Cf. Metasomatomts. 



Somatomegaly (so - mat - - meg* - al - e) [auiia, body; 

 fieyakt], large]. Gigantism. 



Somatomic (so-mat-om* -ik) [rrtiita, body; ra/u 

 cut]. Pertaining to a somatome. 



Somatopagus (so-mat-o-pa* -gus) [aib/ta, body : 

 fixed]. A double monstrosity having two trunks. 



Somatoplasm (so'-mat-o - plazm) [auiia, the body; 

 irMoiia, anything formed]. In biology, the | 

 plasm of the body-cells ; Weismann's term for thM i 

 form of living matter which composes the mass of tbe 

 body, and which is the subject of death, as distin- 

 guished from germ-plasm, which composes the repro • 

 ductive cells and is possessed of potential immortality. 

 See Heredity. 



Somatopleura (so-mat-o-plu'-rah) [a<.ma, the bod) i 

 ir?evpa, the side: //., Somatopleura-]. In bio 

 the body-wall, composed of the somatic mesa 

 and the ectoderm. 



