SPAGIRISM 



1344 



SPASMOTOXIN 



ayeipeiv, to collect ] . Pertaining to the obsolete 

 chemic, or Paracelsian, school of medicine. 



Spagirism (spaf -e-rizm) [airdeiv, to stretch; ayeipeiv, 

 to collect]. The Paracelsian, or spagiric school, or 

 doctrine, of medicine. 



Spagirist (spaj'-e-rist ) [airdeiv, to stretch ; ayeipeiv, to 

 collect]. A Paracelsian; a physician of the obso- 

 lete alchemistic school. 



Spamenorrhea ( spa-men-or-e' '-ah ) [airdvig, scarcity ; 

 pip, month ; poia, flow ] . Scantiness of menstruation. 



Span {span) [andv, draw out ; spatium, space, exten- 

 sion]. The distance between the tip of the thumb 

 and the little finger outstretched. 



Spanemia, Spanaemia (spane'-me-ah). See Anemia. 



Spanemic, Spanaemic (span-e'-mik). See Anemic. 



Spanipelagic (span-ip-el-af '-ik) [oTravoc, scarce, rare ; 

 neXayiKoc, pertaining to the open sea]. In biology, 

 applied to such marine organisms as only rarely come 

 to the surface, living mostly in the ocean-depths. Cf. 

 Plankton. 



Spanish (span'-ish) [ME., Spainisc, Spanish]. Per- 

 taining to Spain. S. Black. See Pigments, Con- 

 spectus of. S. Brown. See Pigments, Conspectus of . 

 S. Catarrh. Synonym of Influenza. S. Fly. See 

 Cantharis. S. Needle. See Bidens. S. Red. 

 Same as Venetian Red. S. White. Same as Bismuth 

 White. S. Windlass. See Garrot. 



Spanopogon (span-o-po'-gon) [cTrdvic, scarcity ; nuyuv, 

 the beard]. A man having little or no beard. 



Sparadrap (spar'-a-drap) [sparadrapum : pi. , Spara- 

 drapa]. A waxed cloth ; also a plaster, spread upon 

 cotton, linen, silk, leather, paper, or the like. 



Sparagmatodes (spar-ag-mat-o' -dez) [crrcdpaypa, apiece 

 torn off; eldoq, like]. Afflicted with convulsions or 

 cramps. 



Sparagmos (spar-ag'-mos) [airapaypdc, a tearing]. A 

 cramp ; a choking sensation. 



Sparagmus (spar-ag' '-mus) [airapapoq, a tearing: pi. , 

 Sparagmi]. A severe convulsion; a laceration, 

 or tearing. 



Sparallium (spar-al' '-e-uni) [L.]. An old name for a 

 vaginal clyster. 



Spare [spar) [AS., spcer, sparing]. Lean; thin. 



Sparganosis (spar-gan-o' -sis) [oTrapydvumr , a swath- 

 ing]. Same as Spargosis. 



Spargosis [spar-go' '-sis) [oirapyuGig ; CTcapydeiv, to be 

 distended]. A term loosely applied to enlargement 

 of the breasts ; distention of a secretory organ ; the 

 swathing of a child's head in cloth ; elephantiasis,^, v. 



Spartein (spar-te' -in) [cnrdprov, Spanish broom], C 15 - 

 H 2fi N 2 . A volatile liquid alkaloid not containing 

 oxygen. It occurs in Sarothamnus scoparius (see 

 Scoparius) , and is a colorless, thick oil, boiling at 311 

 C. It is narcotic. It stimulates the action of the 

 vagus, and acts more quickly than digitalis, but not as 

 powerfully. It is an uncertain diuretic and cardiac 

 tonic, but is often efficacious when digitalis fails. 

 Dose gr. Jj-J 



Spartium {spar f -te-um) [oirdprov, Spanish broom]. A 

 genus of leguminous plants. S. junceum, Spanish 

 broom, a leguminous Old-world shrub. In small doses 

 its seeds are diuretic and tonic ; in larger doses, cath- 

 artic and emetic. 



Spasm (spazm) [anaapor, a convulsion]. Convulsive 

 muscular contraction, local or general, voluntary or 

 involuntary. S., Bell's, convulsive facial tic. S., 

 Bronchial, asthma. S., Clonic, alternate muscular 

 contraction and relaxation. S., Cynic. See Spasmus 

 cynicus. S., Drivers', one of the so-called profes- 

 sional neuroses. It consists of cramp-like pains 

 in the arms of drivers upon taking the reins in the 

 hands. S.. Facial, a peculiar clonic contraction 



of the muscles supplied by the facial nerve, at times 

 confined to the muscles surrounding the eye, or else 

 involving one entire side of the face. It is usually 

 reflex in origin, and due to carious teeth or other local 

 irritation. S., Fixed, permanent or continuous tetanic 

 rigidity of one or more muscles. S. of the Glottis. 

 See Laryngismus stridulus. S., Habit-, half-volun- 

 tary spasmodic movements, the result of habit, some- 

 times called Habit-chorea. S., Histrionic, a con- 

 dition in which local involuntary twitchings of the 

 face, acquu-ed in childhood, persist during adult life, 

 and are increased by emotional causes. S., Inspira- 

 tory, a spasmodic contraction of nearly all the inspi- 

 ratory muscles. S., Lingual. See Aphthongia. 

 S., Mobile, slow, irregular movements depending upon 

 hemiplegia. S., Perineal. See Vaginodynia. S., 

 Phonetic [of the glottis), spastic aphonia consisting of 

 a spasm of the glottis, with elevation, resulting in in- 

 terference with respiration. S., Salaam, clonic spasm 

 of the muscles of the leg, causing jumping movements. 

 S., Sewing, an affection of tailors, seamstresses, and 

 shoemakers, in which clonic and tonic spasms attack 



"' the muscles of the hands on attempting to use them in 

 the regular work. S., Smiths', a spasm that occurs 

 in those engaged in pen-blade manufacturing, saw- 

 straightening, razor-blade striking, scissors-making, 

 file-forging, etc. It consists in spasmodic movements 

 of the arm used, and finally paralysis. See Hemiplegia, 

 Hephestic. S., Spinal Accessory. See Tic rotatoire. 

 S., Synclonic, tremulous agitation. S., Tonic, per- 

 sisting rigidity of contraction. See, also, Carpopedal, 

 Histrionic , Nictitating, A T odding, Sallatorial, Tetanic, 

 etc. S., Winking. See Spasmus nictitans. S., 

 Writers', writers' cramp, q. v. 



Spasmatic (spaz-mal'-ik) [c-dapoc, spasm]. Pertaining 

 to spasm ; also, one in convulsions. 



Spasmi (spaz' -mi) [pi., Spasmus]. Spasms. 



Spasmo- [spaz 1 '-mo-) [an-aopoc, spasm]. A prefix to 

 denote connection with, or relation to, spasm. 



Spasmodermia (spaz-mo-der'-me-ah) [otzacpoc, spasm; 

 (Uppa, skin]. A spasmodic skin-affection. 



Spasmodic (spaz-mod'-ik) [a-KaapLdtjc], Pertaining to, 

 or characterized by, convulsion or a spasm. S. Chol- 

 era. Synonym of Cholera morbus. S. Colic. See 

 Cramp Colic. S. Croup. See Laryngismus stridulus. 

 S. Dorsal Tabes. See Charcot's Disease. S. Dys- 

 menorrhea. Same as Dysmenorrhea, Idiopathic. S. 

 Neurosis. See Neurosis. S. Spinal Paralysis. See 

 Lateral Sclerosis, Primary. S. Tabes dorsalis. 

 See Paraplegia, Infantile Spasmodic and Lateral 

 Sclerosis, Primary. S. Theory of Inflammation. 

 See Theory. S. Torticollis. See Tic rotatoire. 



Spasmodyspnea {spaz' - mo - disp - ne - ah) [a~<, 

 spasm; dyspnea]. Spasmodic difficulty of breathing. 



Spasmolipopyria [spaz-mo-lip-op-i' -re-ah) [mvaoudg, 

 spasm; "ke'meiv, to leave; ivvp, fever]. A disease in 

 which death takes place from convulsions, there being no 

 fever present. It is supposed to be a form of yellow fever. 



Spasmologic (spaz-mo-loj'-ik) [mraapdg, spasm ; '/oyo$, 

 science]. Pertaining to spasmology. 



Spasmology (spaz-mol'-o-je) [<i~aap6c, spasm ; 



a treatise]. The sum of scientific knowledge of the 

 nature and causes of convulsions. 



Spasmolygmus (spaz-mo-lig' -mus). See Hiccough. 



Spasmophilia (spaz - mo -fil'- e - ah) [crzaapdc, spasm ; 

 yilkeiv, to love]. A morbid ease or tendency of 

 being thrown into spasms. 



Spasmorthopnea (spas - inor - /hop- ne' - ah) [n-~ 

 spasm ; bpftoc, straight ; irveiv, to breathe]. Spasmodic 

 orthopnea. 



Spasmotoxin (spaz-mo-toks'-in) [a-nnuor, spasm ; 

 k6v, poison]. A ptomain-base of composition ye' 



