WINTERA 



1620 



WOOD 



bush. W. Clover, partridgeberry ; checkerberry. 

 W. Cough. See Cough and Bronchitis. W. Egg, 

 in biology, a reproductive body in an encysted or resting 

 condition, and capable of retaining its vitality through- 

 out the winter season. Cf. Statoblast, Spherula. W. 

 Epidemic. Synonym of Cerebrospinal Meningitis. 

 W.-fat. See Erotia lanata. W.-green. See 

 Gaultheria. W. Itch. Same as Army Itch. 



Wintera, Winter's Bark (win f -ter-ah) [L.]. The 

 aromatic and tonic bark of Drimys winteri. See 

 Drimys. Unof. 



Wintrich's Sign. The change in the pitch of the per- 

 cussion-note over a cavity in the lungs when the mouth 

 is open or closed. See Signs and Symptoms, Table of. 



Wire (wir) [ME., wir, a wire]. A filament of metal, 

 as steel, iron, silver, or the like. Wire is used in sur- 

 gical operations for suturing, etc. Woven-wire splints 

 are also employed. Wire is an essential part of the 

 electric circuit. 



Wiring (wir'-ing) [ME., wir, wire]. Securing or 

 staying by means of wire. W. Pin, a method of fix- 

 ing the fragments of a broken bone by means of pins, 

 as in fracture of the olecranon or patella. 



Wirsung, Canal of. See Canal. W., Duct of. See 

 Duct. 



Wiry foui'-re) [ME., wir, wire]. Resembling wire;' 

 tough and flexible. W. Pulse. See Pulse. 



Wisdom-teeth. See Teeth. 



Wish-bone (wish'-bon). See Furcula. 



Wisp [ME.,to/, a little sheaf or bundle]. An inflam- 

 mation of the interdigital substance of the hind foot of 

 the ox or cow. 



Wistar's Lozenges. See Lozenge. W.'s Pyramids. 

 The cornua of the sphenoid. 



Wistaria (wis - ta' - re - ah) [after Caspar Wistar, an 

 American anatomist]. A genus of shrubs belonging 

 to the Leguminosa 7 , indigenous to Japan, China, and 

 the United States. The flowers of the Chinese species 

 are said to be distilled for their perfume. 



Wistarin (wis' -tar-in) [after Caspar Wistar, an Ameri- 

 can anatomist]. A poisonous glucosid extracted from 

 the bark of Wistaria chinensis. 



Witch (wich) [ME.,iw'fc/K,a witch]. A person (of 

 either sex) given to necromancy; a sorcerer. W.- 

 grass. Triticum repens. See Triticum. W. -hazel. 

 See Hamamelis. W. - meal. See Lycopodium. 

 W.'s Milk, the popular name for the small quantity 

 of milk secreted for a few days after birth by the 

 mammary glands of new-born animals of both sexes. 

 W.-wood. Mountain ash. 



Withania (ivith-a'-ne-ah) [L.]. A genus of solana- 

 ceous plants. W. coagulans curdles milk, is al- 

 terative, diuretic, and emetic. W. somnifera is 

 emetic and hypnotic. See Somniferin. Unof. 



Wither (jvith'-er) [ME., widder, to wither]. To 

 become sapless and shrunken ; to become dry and 

 wrinkled; to decay generally. 



Withering (with'-er-ing) [ME., widder, to wither]. 

 The shriveling or atrophy of an organ. W. Car- 

 cinoma, carcinoma showing a tendency to atrophy 

 and shrinkage. 



Withers (with'-erz) [origin obscure]. The ridge above 

 the shoulders of the horse, formed by the spinous pro- 

 cesses of the first eight or ten thoracic vertebne. 



Wither-wrung (with' -er-rung). Hurt or galled in the 

 withers. 



Withy (with'-e) [ME., withy, a willow]. The name 

 of several species of Salix. 



Witt's Theory of Colors. Sec figments. 



Wittich and Kistiakowsky's Method. A method of 

 extracting soluble animal ferments. This consists in 

 hardening the organ in alcohol for three days and 



then cutting it up into very small pieces, extract 

 with glycerol, and filtering. On the addition of a) 

 hoi to the filtrate the ferment is precipitated. 



Wladimiroff's Operation. See Operations, Tc 

 of. 



Woad (wod) [ME. S wod, woad]. The /satis tin, 

 ria. See Pigments, Conspectus of. W., Waxen, 

 Genista tinctoria. W., Wild, the Reseda luteola. 



'Woillez' Disease. A name given to active cong 

 tion of the lungs, on the supposition that it is an 

 dependent primary affection. See Diseases, Table 



Wolf [ME., wolf, wolf]. A digitigrade carni 

 rous canine quadruped, Cam's lupus. W.'s-bai 

 See Aconite. W.'s Bast, Daphne mezereum. W 

 Claw, W.'s Foot. See Lycopodium. W.-ma 

 ness. See Lycanthropy. W. -teeth (of the /ion 

 premolars of a peculiar shape, not occurring in evi 

 animal, and resembling the incisive teeth of i 

 carnivora. 



Wolff, Canal of. See Canal. 



Wolffian (wooP-fe-an) [after K. F. Wolff, a Genr 

 anatomist]. Pertaining to the anatomist Wolff. | 

 Body, " The chief occupant of the embryo 

 Wolffian ridge; in anamnia it is the chief renal m 

 throughout life ; in amniota it disappears during i 

 bryonic life, being replaced by the true kidn 

 that a small part of the cephalic end is retained ; 

 enters into special relations with the sew, 

 In its primitive form the Wolffian body appears to I) 

 consisted of a series of transverse tubules (V 

 segmental tubules) emptying into the Wolffian j 

 pronephric duct. The Wolffian bodies were dis< j 

 ered by Casper Fr. Wolff, ' Theoria generat. ,' in 1/ 

 They received their present name from H. Rathk I 

 1820, but Rathke termed the same organs in m j 

 mals Ohen'sche Korper. In 1824 Jacobson in I 

 duced the name Primordial Niere, and discos 

 that in birds the bodies secreted uric acid, 

 bodies were recognized in man by J. Fr. M 

 Johannes Midler. The older writers held them t. ? 

 either the beginnings of the kidneys, or sp< 

 or horns of the uterus, etc. Rathke, by d 

 the origin of the true kidney, led the way to true I 

 ceptions. " (Minot.) Also, called Corps 

 Urniere, Mesonephros, Primitive Kidney, q. r. 

 Cysts. See Cyst. W. Duct. See Dud. \ 

 Ridge, " The protuberance produced by the incrje 

 in size and number of the Wolffian tubal ' 

 inclusion of the genital ridge is a secondan 

 its enlargement in the higher vertebrata. < Hit M e 

 Wolffian ridge there arise three primary 1 

 pronephros (head kidney), the Wolffian b 

 niate or primitive kidney, and the true kidne ' 

 the amniota (metanephros)." (Minot.) A 

 A T ephridial ridge, q. v. 



Wollaston's Camera Lucida. See Camera. 

 Method, a method for the determination of th 

 fractive indices of liquids, based on the total 

 caused by a layer of liquids. 



Woman [AS., wifman, a wife man]. The ada'l 

 male of the human species. 



Womb (twwot) [ME., wombe, womb]. S 

 W. -grain. See Ergot. W. -passage. Se 

 W. -stone- See Hysterolith and Calculus. 



Wonder (wun'-der) [ME., rconder, wondei ! 

 ishment and admiration. W. -apple. > 

 apple. W.-net. See Rett mirabUe. 



Wongshy (luongf-she). See Pigmen 



Wooba (woo'-bah) [F. Ind.]. A form ofdi 



Wood [ME., wade, wood]. The main l"! 

 a tree. The part within the bark. W.-alc > >• 

 See Pvroxylic Spirit. W.-alcohol, W.-n-T " 



