XAXTHOKYAXOPY 



1623 



XANTHOXYLUM 



the physiologically active muscle at the same time 

 with kreatinin, constituting sometimes one-tenth of the 

 kreatinin present. It has been found by Monari in 

 aqueous extracts of the muscles of a tired dog, and in 

 the urine of soldiers fatigued by marching. In large 

 doses it is decidedly poisonous, producing depression, 

 somnolence, extreme fatigue, frequent defecation, and 

 vomiting. See Leukomains, Table of. 

 ^anthokyanopy (zan-tho-ki-an'-o-pe) \^avB6c, yellow; 

 -. blue; <Ji', eye]. Red-green blindness, with 

 iinished spectrum. See Xanthocyanopsia. 

 .antholin (zan'-tho-lin). Same as Santonica. 

 anthoma (zan-tki/ ntah) [zai-tioc, yellow ; baa, tumor]. 

 'lelasma ; a form of new-growth of the skin, oc- 

 curring as plaques imbedded in the skin, or as nodules 

 ■p a pin's head to a bean in size, rarely larger. The 

 color is yellow, usually the tint of chamois-leather. 

 The plaques are slightly raised above the surface, but 

 are scarcely perceptible to the touch when pinched. 

 They are frequently seen in the form of plates imbed- 

 ded in the eyelids, especially in people past middle 

 age who have been subject to migraine. X. diabeti- 

 corum, Lichen diabeticorum : a rare disease of the 

 skin always associated with diabetes mellitus. It de- 

 velops rapidly and sometimes intermittently ; the 

 lesions are denser and hrmer than those of true xan- 

 ,.i, and are dull-red, discrete, and solid, though at 

 the apex they present a yellowish point, like pus. 

 They are abundant on the scalp and face, but never 

 on the eyelids, nor are they ever associated with 

 ijaundice. Itching and tingling are always present. 

 X. lineare vel striatum, a form of X. planum in 

 I^Bh the lesions occur in lines or striae. X. macu- 

 a et papulatum, a form of A', planum in which 

 ^ions occur in papules and macules as well as in 

 ^^Bies. X. multiplex, a form occurring usually in 

 len about middle life. It is frequently hereditary 

 is usually associated with jaundice, which, as 

 . e, precedes it by a year or more. The lesions 

 generally distributed. X. palpebrarum. See 

 'anum. X. planum, X. palpebrarum ; the com- 

 r form of Xanthoma, usually situated on the 

 s. X. tuberculatum, X. tuberosum, a 

 r torm of Xanthoma characterized by tubercular 

 ns upon the extensor surfaces of the extremities, 

 on parts exposed to pressure, as the elbows and 

 S shoulders, buttocks, backs of fingers and toes, 

 as and soles. The lesions vary in size from a 

 seed to a pea, are hard to the touch, deeply set 

 in the skin, and project prominently from it. They 

 coalesce to form veritable tumors. The disease is 

 >nic one. 

 * nthomatosis (zan - tho - mat-o / - sis) [ jYn-ftJc, yellow ; 

 tumor]. Xanthoma of so marked a type as to 

 inieate a special diathesis. 

 2nthomatous zan-tho'-mat-us) \j-av66c, yellow; bua, 

 ']. Of the nature of or affected with xan- 

 thoma. 



^nthomelanous (zan-tho-mel' -an-us) [;ai^oc, vellow ; 

 •;, black]. The lighter of the Melanochroi, or 

 ices with black hair and yellow or olive skin, as dis- 

 nguished from the Melanous, those with black hair 

 nd black skin. 

 Hthopathy (zan-thop' -ath-e) [t-avdoc, yellow ; -ado?, 

 suffering]. Yellowness of the skin from morbid 

 onditions. 

 Jnthophane [zan' -tho- fan). See Chromophane. 

 >^thophyl, Xanthophyll {zan' -tho-fil ') [iavdoc, yel- 

 ; oi'/'/.ov, leaf]. In biology, leaf-yellow, a special 

 igment isolated by Berzelius from autumn leaves, 

 ee Pigments, Conspectus of. 

 >ithophyllin (zan-tho-fil ' -in). Same as Xanthophyl. 



u 



Xanthopicrin (zan-tho-pik'-rin) \^avdoq, yellow ; -in- 

 poc, bitter]. A yellow coloring-matter derived from the 

 bark of Xanthoxylum caribecum. Same as Berberin. 



Xanthopous (zan'- tho -pus) [ijarHoc, yellow; -oic, 

 foot]. In biology, having a yellow stalk or support. 



Xanthoproteic (zan -tho-pro'-te-ik) \$avQbc, yellow ; 

 protein]. Derived from or related to xanthoprotein. 

 X. Reaction, the deep-orange color obtained I 

 addition of ammonia to the yellow reaction of proteids 

 heated with strong nitric acid. 



Xanthoprotein (zan - tho -pro'- te - in) \^av66c, yellow ; 

 protein - ]. A yellow substance formed from proteids 

 by the action of nitric acid. 



Xanthopsia (zan-thop/ -se-ah) [^aiSoc, yellow ; dipic, vis- 

 ion]. The yellow vision sometimes accompanying 

 jaundice. 



Xanthopsin (zan-thop' -sin). Same as Xanthophane. 



Xanthopsy \zan'-lhop-sc). See Xanthopsia. 



Xanthopsydracia [zan-thop-se-dra'-se-ah) \tavdoq, yel- 

 low ; t^idpa^, pustule]. The presence on the skin of 

 small, yellow pustules. 



Xanthopuccin (zan-tho-puk'-sin) [zai-floc , yellow ; puc- 

 coon\ An alkaloid found in Hydrastis. 



Xanthopurpurin (zan-tho-pur'-purin) [favtilfr, yellow; 

 purpurin~\. A yellow coloring-matter derived from 

 the Rubia tinctorum. 



Xanthorbamnin (zan-tho-ram' '-«/"«) [zavfioc, yellow; 

 pauvoc, buckthorn]. A yellow coloring-matter con- 

 tained in the ripe Persian or Turkish berries and in 

 Avignon grains. See Pigments, Conspectus of. 



Xanthorrhea (zan-thor-e'-ah) [ijaifioc, yellow ; pietv, 

 to flow]. I. An acrid, purulent discharge from the 

 vagina. 2. A genus of tree-like liliaceous Australian 

 plants, called black-boy and grass tree. They afford 

 an abundant resin. See Acaroid. 



Xanthorrhiza (zan-thor-i' -zah) [i-avOoc, yellow; p/fa,a 

 root]. A genus of ranunculaceous plants. X. apii- 

 folia, of the United States (yellow-root), is a good, 

 bitter tonic. Unof. 



Xanthosis (zan-tho'-sis) [zai-doc, yellow]. The yellow 

 pigmentation sometimes observed in carcinoma. X. 

 of the Nasal Septum, a dirty-yellow appearance in 

 the nasal mucous membrane due to hemorrhage and 

 the subsequent disintegration of the blood. 



Xanthospermous (zan-tho-sper'-mus) [crarfloc, yellow; 

 (TTfpurt, seed]. In biology, having yellow seeds. 



Xanthous (zan' -thus) \$avt)oc, yellow]. Having a yel- 

 low skin, or complexion. 



Xanthoxylene (zan-thoks'-il-en) \%avdbc, yellow : ix'/.ov, 

 wood]. C in H lt .. A colorless, volatile oil obtained 

 from the fruit of Xanthoxylum alatum. 



Xanthoxylin (zan-thohs'-il-in) [zarduc, yellow ; %vAov, 

 wood]. I. A precipitate from a tincture of Xan- 

 thoxylum fraxineum ; stimulant, styptic, tonic, siala- 

 gogue. Dose 1—2 grains. Unof. 2. A stearopten 

 from the volatile oil of Xanthoxylum piperitum. 



Xanthoxylum (zan - thots' '- il '- urn) [$avd6g, yellow ; 

 !;i/.ov, wood: gen., Xanthoxyli~\. A genus of ruta- 

 ceous trees and shrubs of many species, including 

 the prickly ash (A', fraxineum). In many, if not 

 all the species, the root-bark is stimulant and tonic. 

 X. alatum, of India, is anthelmintic and sudorific. 

 X. cribrosum, of the U. S. and W. Indies, is strongly 

 diuretic and stimulant. Its bark is locally used in a 

 wide range of diseases. Dose of fl. ext. , gtt. x-xx. 

 Unof. X., Decoctum, unof., ^j-Oij. Dose ^j-ij. 

 X., Ext., Fid. Dose gss-j. X. fraxineum, prickly 

 ash, tooth-ache tree, angelica tree — a North American 

 species of the Xanthoxylaceie which belong to the 

 Rutacece. The bark, the Xanthoxylum of the U. S. 

 Ph., is chewed in odontalgia. It is a stimulant, aro- 

 matic, bitter, sialagogue and emmenagogue, and is 



