BONE 



131 



BONE 



B., Ingrassial, the orbitosphenoid bone in fishes. B., 

 Interclavicular. See Interclavicie I Illus. Diet. ). B., 

 Intercuneiform, an inconstant bone in the human 

 foot occupying a fossa between the proximal ends of the 

 internal and middle cuneiform bones, where they rest 

 against the scaphoid. B., Interhyal. See B., 

 B., Interischial, the tuberosity of the 

 ischium when it preserves its distinctness through life. 

 B., Intermaxillary, a bone of the middle front part 

 >f the upper jaw and becoming fused with it in adult 

 life; in many of the lower vertebrates it remains dis- 

 uniting with its mate of the opposite side, 

 ie bone bearing the incisor teeth. B., Inter- 

 parietal, in the fetus the tabular part of the occipital 

 x>ne, sometimes persisting through life as a distinct 

 jone. B., Intestinal, the ilium. B.s, Investing. 

 See Membran -bone i Illus. Diet.). B.s, Irregular, 

 -uch irregular shape that they cannot be classed 

 is long, rlat, etc. B., Jaw-, Upper. See Maxilla, 

 (Illus. Diet.). B., Jugal. See B., Lacry- 

 wo/ (Illus. Diet.). B., Jugular, B., Key, the clavi- 

 :le. B., Knuckle, the coccyx. B., Lacrimal, 

 Lesser, the unciform process of the lacrimal bone ar- 

 ticulating with the superior maxilla when it persists 

 iife unconnected with the lacrimal bone. B., 

 Lambdoid. See B., Interparietal. B., Lenticular. 

 see B., Orbicular. B., Lepidoid, the squamous por- 

 ionof the temp >ral bone. B.s, Lid. See Membrane- 

 [llus. Diet.). B.s, Ligament. See B.s, 

 i (Illus. Diet.). B.s, Long, those in which 

 he length greatly exceeds the breadth, and which are 

 urnished with a medullarv canal. B., Lower Jaw. 

 See B., Maxillary, Inferior (Illus. Diet.). B., 

 Lunar, B., Lunate. See B., Semilunar (Illus. Diet.). 

 B., Mandible, B., Mandibular, B., Mandibulary. 

 See.Z?., Maxillary, Inferior (Illus. Diet.). B., Man- 

 ual Exercise. See B., Exerci e. B.s, Marsupial, 

 B.s, Prepubic, two slightly curved bones articulating 

 with the anterior margins of the pubic bones and di- 

 verging into the layers of the abdominal parietes. They 

 iccur in the Marsupialia. B., Mastoid. I. The 

 squamosal bone. 2. The epiotic bone. 3. The hyo- 

 nandibular bone. 4. The opisthotic bone. B.,Mas- 

 :otympanic. See B., Prootie. B., Maxillary 

 Turbinated. See B., Maxilloturbinal. B., Maxil- 

 lojugal. See Maxilla, Superior (Illus. Diet.). B., 

 Maxilloturbinal, in comparative anatomy the homo- 

 I og of the inferior turbinated bone of man. B.s, 

 Membrane. See under Membrane (Illus. Diet.). 

 B.. Mentomeckelian, in some lower vertebrates a 

 >ony nodule lying beside the symphvsis menti. B., 

 Mesethmoid. See Mesethmoid (Illus. Diet.). 

 Mesocuneiform, the middle cuneiform bone. 

 Mesopterygoid. See B., Entopterygoid. 

 Mesotympanic. See B., Sympleetic. B., Meta- 

 carpal, Principal, in veterinary anatomy the larger of 

 e two metacarpal bones. B.s, Metaplastic. See 

 iosteal. B., Midfrontal. See B., frontal 

 ;-;t. ). B.,Midjaw. See B., Intermaxillary. 

 3., Multiform, the sphenoid bone. B., Nasoturbi- 

 lal, in comparative anatomy the representative of the 

 turbinated process of the ethmoid in man. B., 

 Navicular, in veterinary anatomy a sesamoid bone in 

 m of the flexor digitorum profundus behind 

 third phalanx. B.s. Nonpneumatic, bones con- 

 >nmg no air sacs. B.. Occipital, External. I. The 

 iputhotic bone. 2. The exoccipital bone. B., Occi- 

 pital, Inferior. See B.. Basiocci/>ital. B., Occi- 

 -ateral. 1. See B. , Exoccipital. 2. See B., 

 B., Occipital, Pneumatic, Hyrtl's name 

 * an inconstant ossicle situated at the occipital inser- 

 lr >n of the rectus capitis lateralis muscle and communi- 



B., 

 B., 

 B., 



eating with the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. 

 B., Occipital, Superior. See B. , Supraoccipital. 

 B., Odontoid, the odontoid process of the axis when 

 it is a distinct bone. B., Olfactory. 1. The ethmoid. 

 2. See Mesethmoid (Illus. Diet.). B., Operculo- 

 angular. See B., Angular. B., Opisthotic, a bone 

 in some of the lower vertebrates forming the postero- 

 ventral part of the auditory capsule and represented in 

 the human subject by the lower part of the petrosa, the 

 fenestra rotunda, and the inferior half of the fenestra 

 ovalis. B., Orbicular, the orbicular process of the 

 incus, represented in some of the lower vertebrates by a 

 small bony disc attached to the long cms of the incus. 

 Syn., B., Lenticular, Lenticulus. B., Orbitosphenoid, 

 in comparative anatomy a bone situated above and ante- 

 rior to the optic foramen, a homolog of the lesser wing 

 of the sphenoid in man. Syn., Ingrassial bone in fishes. 

 B.. Otocranial, Anterior. See B., Prootie. B., Oto- 

 cranial, Posterior. See B., Opisthotic. B., Oto- 

 cranial, Superior. See B., Epiotic. B.s, Over- 

 lapping. See Membrane-bom (Illus. Diet.). B., 

 Palatal, B., Palatine. See B., Palate { Illus. Diet.). 

 B., Palatomaxillary, in comparative anatomy one 

 formed by the junction of the palate bone and the 

 upper jaw. B., Palatopterygoid, in comparative 

 anatomy one formed by the junction of the palate bone 

 with the pterygoid. B., Papyraceous, the ethmoid 

 bone. B., Parasphenoid, B., Parasphenoidal, a 

 long membrane bone found at the base of the skull in 

 some of the lower vertebrates. In the bulk of the 

 fishes and Amphibia forming the chief part of the base 

 of the skull, and apparently replacing in function the 

 basi sphenoid and presphenoid bones. In higher ver- 

 tebrates it is often confused with the basisphenoid bone. 

 B., Parethmoid. See B., Ethmoturbinal. B., 

 Paroccipital. See B., Epiotic. B., Pastern. See 

 under Pastern (Illus. Diet.). B., Pastern, Small, 

 in veterinary anatomy the middle phalanx of the manus. 

 B., Pea-shaped. See B., Pisiform (Illus. Diet.). 

 B., Pedal, in veterinary anatomy the third distal pha- 

 lanx of the manus. B., Pelvic, Anteroventral, the 

 os pubis. B., Penial, a membrane bone occurring in 

 the septum of the penis of some mammals. B., Per- 

 iosteal. See under Periosteal (Illus. Diet.). B., 

 Periotic, one formed by the junction of the epiotic, 

 prootie, and opisthotic bones and representing the 

 petrosa and mastoid portion of the temporal bone in 

 man. B., Peroneal, the fibula. B., Petromastoid. 

 See B., Periotic. B., Petrosal. See under Petrosal 

 (Illus. Diet.). B., Petrotympanic. See B., Tym- 

 panoperiotic. B., Ploughshare. I. Applied to the 

 vomer, from its shape. 2. See Pygostyle (Illus. Diet. i. 

 B., Pneumatic, those containing many air-cells or 

 air-sacs. B., Postfrontal, B., Postorbital, in com- 

 parative anatomy a membrane bone lying dorsad to the 

 orbit and above the alisphenoid bone. B., Posttem- 

 poral. See B., Suprascapular. B., Precoracoid. 

 I. A bony nodule lying anterior to the ventral end of 

 the coracoid bone. [Gegenbaur.] 2. The coracoid 

 processof the scapula. [Sabatier.] B., Prefrontal, in 

 comparative anatomy a bone lying in front of the nasal 

 capsule and bounding the exit of the olfactory nerve 

 externally ; the united prefrontal bones of the lower 

 vertebrates are represented in man by the perpendicu- 

 lar plate of the ethmoid. B., Prefrontonasal, one 

 formed by the junction of the prefrontal and nasal 

 bones. B., Premaxillary. See B. ^Intermaxillary. 

 B., Prenasal, one located at the anterior end of the 

 pig's nasal septum and included in the cartilage run- 

 ning around the nostrils. B., Preorbital. See B., 

 Suborbital. B., Presphenoid, in comparative anatomy 

 a bone found at the base of the skull articulating an- 





