CIXXAMEIX 



179 



CIRRHOSIS 



Cinnamein (sin-am-e'-iri). C 9 H : 0,(C 7 H 7 ). A con- 

 stituent of balsams of Peru and Tolu, and is obtained 

 from sodium cinnamate by heating with benzyl chlorid ; 

 it fonns prisms melting at 39 C. Syn., Benzyl cin- 

 namate. 



Cinnamic. (See Illus. Diet. ) C. Anhydrid, (C 6 H 5 C,- 

 II, . CO) 4 0, a crystalline compound melting at I27°C. 



Cinnamol ysiii'-am-ol). I. See Styrol (Illus. Diet.). 

 2. See A la 'thy •</, Cinnamic (Was. Diet.). 



Cinnamon. (See Illus. Diet.) C, Artificial, the 

 bark of a species of guava (jungle bark) used in Ceylon 

 as a fraudulent substitute for true cinnamon, after hav- 

 ing immersed it in the by-products obtained in the dis- 

 tillation of cinnamon oil. 



Cinnamyl. (See Illus. Diet.) C. Acetate, CjH s O .- 

 C 9 H.O, a heavy oil obtained from sodium cinnamate 

 bv action of acetvl chlorid. C Alcohol. See Alcho- 

 hol, Cinnamic. C.chinin, C 6 H 5 CH = CH . CO . O.- 

 CjqHjjX./), a quinin ester, soluble with difficulty in 

 water, but readily in alcohol and ether; forms acicular 

 crystals; melts at m° C. C. Cinnamate. See 

 Styracin (Illus. Diet. ). C.cocain, an alkaloid found 

 in combination with cocain. It is a form of cocain the 

 benzoyl group of which is replaced by the radicle of 

 cinnamic acid. The toxic symptoms following the use 

 of impure cocain are probably due to its presence. C- 

 eugenol, C 19 H 18 Oj, a substance forming colorless 

 lustrous needles, without taste or odor, soluble in 

 chloroform, ether, acetone, and hot alcohol, melting at 

 90°-Ql ° C. It is antiseptic and is used hypodermically 

 instead of eugenol in tuberculosis. Injection, 2-8 rt\, 

 of olive oil solution. C.guaiacol. See Styracol 

 (Illus. Diet.). C. Hydrate, cinnamic acid. C. 

 Hydrid, cinnamic aldehyd. C.-metacresol, the 

 metacresol ester of cinnamic acid ; a nontoxic, non- 

 irritating antiseptic substance recommended in treat- 

 ment of tuberculosis. Syn. , Hctocresol. 



Cinnyl (sin'-il). C 9 H 9 . The univalent radicle of cin- 

 namic alcohol. C. Chlorid, C.H. . C 3 H 4 C1, a yel- 

 lowish oil with odopof oil of anise and oil of cinnamon. 

 C. Cinnamate. See Styracin (Illus. Diet. ). C. 

 Iodid, C 6 H 3 . CjH 4 I, a heavy aromatic liquid with 

 burning taste ; it decomposes on distillation. 



Cinnylamin (sin-il'-am in). C 6 H. . C s H t XH,. Bit- 

 ter, colorless crystals which readily fuse to an oil which 

 volatilizes at IOO° C. 



lylic (sin-iP-ik). Containing cinnyl; pertaining 

 to or resembling cinnamic acid. 



rcellus [sur-sel'-us) [L., pi. circelli]. A small circle. 

 Circelli cerebelli, the laminas of the cerebellum. C. 

 venosus hypoglossi, a venous plexus encircling the 

 hypoglossal nerve in the anterior condylar foramen ; it 

 communicates with the occipital sinus and with the 

 jugular vein. 



rcle. (See Illus. Diet.) C, Carus*. See Curve of 

 Cams (Illus. Diet.). C, Ciliary, the ciliary liga- 

 tient. C. of Dispersion. See under Diffusion 

 (Illus. Diet. ). C, Galvanic, a galvanic circuit. C, 

 lovius' Vascular. See Plexus, Hen-ills' (Illus 

 Diet.). C, Huguier's, the inconstant anastomosis 

 formed by the branches of the uterine arteries around 

 the uterus, at the junction of the body with the cervix. 

 C, Tympanal. See Ring, Tympanic (Illus. Diet.). 

 C, Voltaic, a galvanic circuit. C, Zinns. See C. 

 of Ha lie r (Illus. Diet.). 



Circocele (sur'-ko-sel). See Cirsocele (Illus. Diet.). 



Circular stir'- kit- lar). 1. Ring-shaped. 2. Marked 

 by alternations of despondency and excitation, as in 

 circular insanity. 



Circulares isur-ku-la'-rez) [Kipicot;, a circle]. See In- 

 :•, Circular (Illus. Diet.). 



Circulus. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. See Circle of Willis 



(Illus. Diet.). C. arteriosus iridis, C. arteriosus 

 iridis major, C. iridis major. See C. arteriosus 

 (Illus. Diet.). C. articuli vasculosis, that formed 

 by the bloodvessels in the synovial membrane, about 

 the cartilages of a joint. C. choroidae, C. cil- 

 iaris, the ciliary ligament. C. gangliosis ciliaris, 

 a circular nerve-plexus in the ciliary muscle. Syn., 

 Orbiculus gangliosis. C* mascagnii. See Ring, 

 Mascmgni's. C. nervosus foraminis caeci, a plexus 

 formed around the outer border of the foramen cecum, 

 by the branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve. C. 

 osseus, the tympanic ring. C. tonsillaris. See 

 Plexus, Tonsillar (Illus. Diet.). C. venosus cili- 

 aris, C. venosus corneae, the canal of Schlemm. C. 

 venosus orbiculi ciliaris. See Canal of Fontana 

 (Illus. Diet.). C. venosus ridleyi. See Sinus, 

 Circular (Illus. Diet. ) . 



Circumaxile (sur-kum-aks? -il) \jrircum, around ; axis]. 

 Encircling an axis. 



Circumbuccal (sur-kum-bu&'-al) \circum, around; 

 bucca, the cheek]. Surrounding the mouth. 



Circumference. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The periphery 

 of a circle. C, Anteroposterior (of the skull), that 

 of a plane touching the opisthion and the nasal point. 

 C, Frontal, the distance on the surface of the skull 

 between the coronal and nasal sutures. C, Larger 

 (of the fetal head), that touching the two extremi- 

 ties of the longest anteroposterior diameter. C. 

 Lesser or Obstetric (of the fetal head), that touch- 

 ing the two extremities of the suboccipitobregmatic 

 diameter. C, Median, C, Sagittal, C, Vertical. 

 See C, Anteroposterior. 



Circumferential (sur-kttm-fer-eti'-shal). Pertaining to 

 a circumference ; peripheral. 



Cirrhosis. 1 See Illus. Diet. ) C, Alcoholic, that due 

 to excess in the use of alcohol. C, Annular. See 

 C, Multilobular. C, Atrophic, atrophy and con- 

 traction of the liver due to interstitial hepatitis. C, 

 Budd's, hepatic cirrhosis due to autointoxication from 

 the gastrointestinal tract. C, Cancerous, a diffuse 

 formation of cancer throughout the liver, accompanied 

 by hyperplasia of the connective tissue. The cancer 

 may be primary or secondary. C, Cardiac, C. 

 cordis, hypertrophy of the connective tissue between 

 the muscular fibers of the heart. C, Cardiotuber- 

 culous, that accompanied by tuberculosis and symp- 

 toms of cardiac disease. C. Charcot's. See Dis- 

 ease, Hanoi's (Illus. Diet.). C. Glissonian, perihep- 

 atitis. C, Hanot's. See Disease, Hanoi's (Illus. 

 Diet). C. hepatis, interstitial hepatitis. C, Hyper- 

 trophic, C, Hypertrophous, interstitial hepatitis 

 without atrophy of the new connective tissues. C. 

 hypertrophica adiposa, interstitial hepatitis with 

 fatty degeneration of the liver-cells. C., Insular. 

 See C, Unilobular. C, Irritative, interstitial hepa- 

 titis due to irritation of some toxic substance which 

 has been carried to the liver by the hepatic or portal 

 veins. C. jecinoris, C. jecoris, C. of the Kidney, 

 interstitial hepatitis. C, Laennec's. See under 

 Laennec (Illus. Diet.). C. of the Lung, interstitial 

 pneumonia. C, Lupinous, a form of cirrhosis of the 

 liver, occurring in horses, and supposed to be caused 

 by chronic poisoning with lupines. Although the dis- 

 ease is usually chronic, the liver eventually becoming 

 hobnailed, it may occur acutelv, and give rise to lesions 

 resembling those of phosphorus-poisoning. C, 

 Mixed, that presenting features of both the atrophic 

 and hypertrophic forms C. Monolobular. See C, 

 Unilobular. C. Multilobular, a form of interstitial 

 hepatitis in which many lobules are surrounded by a 

 fibrous ring. C, Muscular, the induration of con- 

 nective tissue, fatty degeneration, and atrophy of the 



