LIANTHRAL 



335 



LIGAMENT 



to protozoa was pointed out by Schaudinn. Cf. Cells, 

 Lewi en ' s. 



Lianthral (li-an'-thral). A proprietary preparation 

 said to be an extract of coal-tar and casein. 



Libby's Method. See under Treatment. 



Libradol ylib' -rad-ol). The proprietary name for a 

 soft, greenish ointment recommended for relief of 

 pain by direct application. It contains selected con- 

 stituents of Melaleuca leucadendron, L., Cinnamo- 

 mum camphora, Fr. Nees, Lobelia inf/ata, L., Xico- 

 tiatta tabacum, L., Sanguinaria canadensis, L., Psy- 

 chotria ipecacuanha, Stock., Capsicum annuum, L., 

 and Symplocarpus fcetidus, Xutt. 

 :hen. (See Ulus. Diet.) 2. A group of cryptog- 

 amous plants, symbiotic of algae and fungi. 

 :henification (li-ken-i-fi-ka' '-shun). The change of 

 an eruption into a form resembling lichen. 

 „ichenization (li-ken-i-za' shun). The development 

 of lesions of lichen. 



jnaden (li-en'-a-den )[lien, the spleen; adijv, gland]. 

 The proprietary name of a preparation made from the 

 spleen of animals. 



ienointestinal yli-en-o-in-tes'-tin-al) [lien, the spleen; 

 intestina, the intestines]. Relating to the spleen and 

 the intestines. 



jnomedullary (li-en-o-med'-ul-ar-e) . See Lienomy- 

 elogenous. 

 „ienomyelogenous (li-en-o-mi-el-oj'-en-us) [lien, 

 spleen ; uve?.6c, marrow ; yewav, to produce]. 

 Derived from both spleen and marrow. 



Lienomyelomalacia ( li-en-o-mi-el-o-mal-a'-she-ah) 

 [lien, spleen; five'/.oc, marrow; ua'/jima, softening]. 

 Softening of the spleen and bone-marrow. 



Lienopancreatic (li-enopan-kre-al'-ik). Relating to 

 the spleen and pancreas. 



Lienorenal (li-en-o-re / -nal ) [lien, spleen ; ren, kid- 

 ney]. Relating to the spleen and the kidney. 



Life. (See Illus. Diet.) L., Antenatal, life of the 

 fetus before birth. L., Composite, Bordeu's Doc- 

 trine of. See under Vitalism. L., Embryonic, the 

 period beginning with the differentiation of the blasto- 

 derm and ending about the end of the second month; 

 the period during which the lines of future growth are 

 laid down. L., Excitement Theory of, " that of 

 Roeschlaub (1768-1835), which endeavored to mold 

 into one the Brunonian errors and the fancies of Schel- 

 ling. According to it, life depends upon irritability, 

 but is inherent in the organism as an independent fea- 

 ture; so it recognizes both irritability and solidism." 

 [Park.] L., Germinal, the period which ends in 

 the phenomena of germ and sperm maturations, of the 

 expulsion of the polar globules from the ovum, of the 

 atrophy of the female elemeiu of the sperm-cell, and 

 of the impregnation of the ovum by the spermatozoon, 

 with the resulting formation of the morula mass. L., 

 Latent, a condition of suspension of life — as in organ- 

 isms exposed to freezing, desiccation, etc. 



Ligament, Ligamentum. (See Illus. Diet.) Also 

 any strong compact tissue serving to hold an organ in 

 position. L., Accessory, one which strengthens or 

 supplements another. L., Acromioclavicular, Su- 

 perior, a broad band connecting the upper part of the 

 scapular end of the clavicle with the acromion. L., 

 Adipose, the mucous ligament of the knee-joint. L.s, 

 Alar, Lesser, layers of connective tissue extending on 

 each side of the synovial pouch of the axoatloid artic- 

 ulation and joining the lateral odontoid ligaments. 

 Syn., Ligamenta alaria minora. L., Alar Odon- 

 toid. See L., Odontoid Lateral (Illus. Diet.). L. 

 alare externum, the external alar ligament. L. alare 

 internum, the internal aiar ligament. Ligamenta 

 alaria, L.a alaria dentis epistrophei, L.a 



lateralia dentis, L.a lateralia majora, L.a late- 

 ralia superiora, L.a Maucharti, the lateral odon- 

 toid ligaments. Ligamenta alaria minora. See 

 L.s, Alar, Lesser. L., Annular, a ring-shaped 

 ligament. L.s, Anterior (of the bladder), an off- 

 shoot of the superior pelvic fascia attached to the 

 front of the neck of the bladder. L., Anterior (of 

 the colon), a band of thickened muscular fibers ex- 

 tending along the anterior surface of the colon. Syn., 

 Anterior band (of the colon). L.s, Anterior, True 

 (of the urinary bladder), branches of the rectovesical 

 fascia running backward one from each side of 

 the symphysis pubis over the lateral aspects of 

 the prostate gland to the lateral surfaces of the 

 urinary bladder. L. apicum, the supraspinal liga- 

 ment. L., Arantius', the obliterated ductus venosus 

 of Arantius. L., Arched (of the diaphragm). See 

 L., Arctiata (Illus. Diet.). Ligamenta arcuum. 

 See L.s, Elastic. L. armillare, the posterior annular 

 ligament of the carpus. L.s, Articular. See L.s, 

 Capsular, and L.s, Interspinous (Illus. Diet.). L., 

 Astragalo-calcaneal Interosseous. See L., Cal- 

 caneoastragaloid, and L. , Astragalocalcaneal External 

 (Illus. Diet.). L., Bardinet's, the posterior fascicu- 

 lus of the internal lateral ligament of the elbow-joint; 

 it is attached above to the posteroinferior portion of the 

 internal condyle and below, by its expanded border, to 

 the inner side of the olecranon process. L., Beraud's, 

 the suspensory ligament of the pericardium that is at- 

 tached to the third and fourth dorsal vertebras. 

 L., Bifid, the coracoclavicular ligament. L., 

 Botal's, the remains of the ductus arteriosus. L.s, 

 Calcaneonavicular. See L., CaUaneoscaphoid, 

 Inferior, and L. , C, External (Illus. Diet.). L., 

 Calcaneotibial. SeeZ., Lateral, Internal (of ankle- 

 joint) (Illus. Diet.). L., Caldani's, a fibrous band 

 extending from the inner border of the coracoid process 

 to the lower border of the clavicle and upper border of 

 the first rib, where it unites with the tendon of the 

 subclavius muscle. L.s, Canthal. See L., Palpe- 

 bral, External and Internal (Illus. Diet.). L., Cen- 

 tral. See Eilum terminate (Illus. Diet.). L., Clo- 

 quet's. See Habenula, Holler's. L., Coccygeal. 

 See Eilum terminate ( Illus. Diet. ). Ligamenta coli, 

 three longitudinal bands on the surface of the large in- 

 testine, due to thickening of the longitudinal muscle- 

 fibers. See L. , Anterior, and L., Posterior (of the 

 colon), and Band of the colon, Inner. L., Cooper's. 

 I. The lower, thickened portion of the fascia trans- 

 versalis, which is attached to the spine of the pubis 

 and the iliopectineal eminence. 2. Arciform, liga- 

 mentous fibers extending from the base of the olecra- 

 non to the coronoid process on the inner aspect of the 

 elbow-joint. L., Costovertebral, Anterior. See 

 L., Costocentral, Anterior (Illus. Diet.). L., Crural, 

 Poupart's ligament. L., Deep Suspensory ^of the 

 penis), a part of the suspensory ligament of the penis 

 originating in the tendinous part of the rectus abdom- 

 inis muscle near the symphysis pubis. L., Denuce's, 

 a short and broad fibrous band in the wrist-joint, con- 

 necting the radius with the ulna. L.s, Elastic, yel- 

 low, highly elastic ligaments lying at the back of the 

 spinal canal, appearing in pairs between the laminas of 

 contiguous vertebras from the axis to the interval be- 

 tween the last lumbar vertebra and the sacrum. Syn. , 

 L.s, Velloii'; L.s, Intercrural ; Ligamenta ftava ; 

 Ligamenta subfiava ; Ligamenta arcuum. L., Fallo- 

 pian. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. The round ligament of 

 the uterus. L.s, False, Lateral (of the urinary blad- 

 der), peritoneal folds extending from each iliac fossa to 

 each side of the urinary bladder. L.s, False, Poste- 

 rior ( of the urinary bladder). See Rectovesical Eolds 



