PICRORHIZA 



417 



PIN-HEAD 



acid and antipyrin occurring in yellow inflammable 

 needles. 



Picrorhiza (pik-ro-ri'-zah) [ntKpoc, bitter ; pi^a, root]. 

 A genus of the Scrophularinea. P. kurroa, Rovle, 

 indigenous to northern India, is called there kutki, 

 kurroe, kali-kutki, and kutaki. The bitter root is in 

 high repute as a tonic and antiperiodic, and contains 

 cathartic acid and picrorrhizin. 



Picrotoxinism {pik-ro-toks'-in-izm). Poisoning by 

 picrotoxin ; characterized by spasms of an epileptiform 

 nature or resembling tetanus, followed by loss of con- 

 sciousness and coma. 



'icryl ( pik^-ril). The radicle of picric acid. 



'iesimeter, Piesmeter. See Piesometer. 



'iesometer. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. An apparatus for 

 testing the sensitiveness of the skin to pressure. Syn., 

 Piesmeter; Piesimeter. 



'igment. (See Illus. Diet.) Acid Fuchsin, produced 

 by the action of sulfuric acid at 120° C. upon rosanilin. 

 Syn., Rosanilin sulfonic acid; Fuchsin i>. Aldehyd- 

 blue, a blue pigment obtained by action of aldehyd on 

 a solution of rosanilin in sulfuric acid. Alizarin-blue 

 Green, a product of alizarin-blue and sulfuric acid. 

 Alizarin-bordeaux, C u H 4 2 -i, 2, 5, 8, -(OH) 4 , ob- 

 tained by heating oxyanthraquinon with fuming sul- 

 furic acid. Syn., Quinalizarin. Alizarin-green, a 

 pigment obtained from alizarin blue by action of sul- 

 furic acid. Alizarin-indigo Blue, a pigment ob- 

 tained from alizarin blue by treating with sulfuric acid. 

 Alizarin-yellow A, a dyestuff prepared from benzoic 

 acid and pyrogallo! ; it melts at 140 C. Amethyst, 

 a violet dyestuff obtained from phenosafranin. Anilin 

 Blue-black, a preparation of the oxy-azo series 

 (azoschwarz). It is employed as a histologic stain. 

 Azo-black, any black dye resulting from union of 

 azonaphthalenediazosulfonic acid with naphtholmono- 

 sulfonic acid; e. g., naphthol black. Bitter Almond- 

 oil Green. See Malachite Green in Conspectus of Pig- 

 ments (Illus. Diet. |. Blue-black, B. See Anilin 

 Blue-black. Catechin-red, a red substance obtained 

 witli catechin as a deposit from a solution of catechu in 

 boiling water. Cholera-blue, a color base obtained 

 from cholera-red by dissolving it in concentrated sul- 

 furic acid and then neutralizing with caustic soda. 

 Cholera-red, a color base found in cultures of cholera 

 bacilli which give upon addition of mineral acids a 

 beautiful violet color. On rendering the solution 

 alkaline and shaking it with benzol, the cholera-red is 

 obtained in brownish-red lamellas. Distillation of 

 cholera-red with zinc dust gives indol. Friesland- 

 green. See Brunsivick Green in Conspectus of Pig- 

 ments (Illus. Diet.). Morin blanc (Chevreul). See 

 Marin (Illus. Diet. 1. Morin jaune ( Chevreul). See 

 Maclurin (Illus. Diet. I. Thenard's Blue, a pig- 

 ment consisting of alumina colored with an oxid or 

 phosphate of cobalt. Syn., Cobalt ultramarine. 

 Victoria-blue, C 3S H 11 N 3 HC1, a blue coloring-matter 

 occurring in crystalline grains of a shining bronze color 

 soluble in hot water and alcohol. Syn., Night blue ; 

 Phenyl! ramethyl triamido-a-naphtyl-diphenylcarbinol 

 hydrochlorate. 



Pigmentodermia ( pig-ment-o-dur' -me-ah). See Chro- 

 modermatosis (Illus. Diet.). 



Pigmentophage ( pig-ment' -o-faj) [pigment: oa-.e/r, 

 to eat]. Metchnikoff' s name for a phagocyte which 

 destroys the pigment of hairs and thus produces gray- 

 ness. 



Pikrocrocin. See Picrocrocin. 



Pila ( pi'-lah) [L.]. A ball. Pilae damarum [dama, 

 a fallow deer]. See .Fgagropilus (Illus. Diet. !. 



Pilaf, Pilau. Pilaw (pi'-laf, pi'-laiu) [N. Gr. mXaiu; 

 Ital. risotto). A dish consisting of rice stewed with 

 27 



meat, variously flavored ; the favorite national dish of 

 Turkey and used throughout the Orient. 



Pilation (pi-la' -shun). See Fracture, Capillary (Illus. 

 Diet.). 



Pile. (See Illus. Diet.) P., Prostatic, a condition of 

 enlarged prostate in which hemorrhage results. P., 

 Thermoelectric, a battery in which an electric current 

 is generated on heating the bars of two kinds of metal 

 soldered together, of which the pile consists. An 

 index registering the exact degree of heat is moved by 

 the current. 



Pileum. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A lobe of the cerebel- 

 lum lying between the vermis and the paraflocculus. 

 Its relation to the peduncle is like that of a cap. 

 [Stroud.] 



Pilgrim's Diarrhea. See under Diarrhea. 



Piliganin (pi-lig'-an-in). C I5 H 74 N s O(?). An alkaloid 

 obtained by Adrian from piligan, Lycopodium saus- 

 surus, Lam., occurring as a yellow, transparent mass 

 soluble in water, alcohol, or chloroform. It is emetic, 

 cathartic, drastic, anthelmintic, antispasmic. Dose, 

 ]/(,-% 8 r - (0.OI-0.02 gm. ). The hydrochlorate is used 

 in the same way. 



Pilin (pi'-lin). A proprietary cosmetic said to be 60 f ' c 

 alcohol, perfumed and colored and containing benzoic 

 acid. 



Pillar. (See Illus. Diet. ) P. s, Muscular, the muscle 

 columns. P.s, Uskow's, in the embryo, two folds or 

 ridges which grow from the dorsolateral region of the 

 body-wall and unite with the septum transversum to 

 form the diaphragm. P.s of velum pendulum 

 palati, the pillars of the fauces. 



Pilocarpidin { pil-o-kar'-pid-in). An alkaloid from 

 jaborandi similar in physiologic effect to pilocarpin but 

 weaker. 



Pilocarpin, Pilocarpina. (See Illus. Diet.) P. 

 Borate, (C n H 16 X 2 0.,) 2 B 4 7 , white lumps, soluble in 

 water and alcohol ; diaphoretic, myotic, and sialagog. 

 Dose,^-^gr- ( o. 008-0.02 gm.). P. Hydrobromate, 

 C n H, 4 Nj0 2 . HBr, white crystals soluble in water, 

 alcohol, or chloroform. Dose, j g- '4 gr. (0.008-0. 16 

 gm. ) in water. P.physostigmin. See Eserinpilo- 

 carpin. P. Tannate, a grayish-white powder used 

 as a sialagog, myotic, and diaphoretic. Dose, l /%- l + gr. 

 iO.008-o.016 gm. ). P. Valerianate, white crystals 

 soluble in water used as sialagog, myotic, and diuretic. 

 Dose, yi-% gr. 



Pimpinellin (pim-pin-el'-in). A bitter crystallizable 

 substance isolated from the root of Pimpinella saxi- 

 fraga. Melts at 97 C. 



Pimple. (See Illus. Diet.) P., Amboyna, frambesia. 

 P.s, Goose. See Goose-skin (Illus. Diet.). 



Pinapin (pin'-ap-in). A fermented pineapple juice, 

 recommended in treatment of catarrh of the stomach ; 

 also as a spray in nasal catarrh. 



Pinckneya ( pink'-ne-a/i) [named for C. C Pinckney~\. 

 A genus of the Rubiarea. P. pubens, Michx., bitter- 

 bark tree, Florida-bark tree, Georgia-bark tree, a small 

 tree of the Southern States. The bark is astringent 

 and tonic and is used in intermittent fevers. Dose of 

 infusion, 2 drams. 



Pinckneyin ( pink'-ne-in). A glucosid found in bark 

 of Pinckneya pubens, Michx. 



Pinel's System [Philippe Pinel, French alienist, 1745- 

 1826]. In the treatment of the insane, suppression of 

 all forceful proceedings. 



Pineoline ( pin'-e-o-lin). A proprietary extract of the 

 needles of Pinus pumilio, Haenke, combined with 

 vaselin and lanolin ; it is used as an application in skin- 

 diseases. 



Ping-pong Ankle. See under Tenosynovitis. 



Pin-head (pin'-hed). Terminating in a knob. The 



