PROTECTIN 



434 



PRUINATE 



in its properties papayin and the proteolytic enzyme of 

 malt. It acts upon gelatin, nucleoalbumins, globulin, 

 and albuminates, but not upon albumin, whereby it is 

 distinguished from pepsin. 



Protectin ( pro-tek' -tin). Tissue paper with coating of 

 adhesive rubber mixture on one side. 



Proteic {pro-te f -ik). Relating to protein. P. Sub- 

 stances, proteids. 



Proteids. (See Illus. Diet. ) P. s, Compound, a class 

 of bodies more complex than simple proteids which 

 yields as nearest splitting products, simple proteids on 

 one side and nonproteid bodies, such as coloring-mat- 

 ters, carbohydrates, xanthin bases, etc., on the other. 

 They are divided into three groups — the hemoglobins, 

 glycoproteids, and nucleoproteids (Hammarsten). P., 

 Immune. See under Immune. 



Protein. (See Illus. Diet.) P., Pyocyaneous, a prep- 

 aration made from cultures of Bacillus pyocyaneus by 

 means of potash solutions. It is recommended in the 

 treatment of suppurating ulcers. 



Proteosoma {pro-te-o-so'-mah) [npuTEvc, a sea god, 

 capable of assuming many forms ; aujia, a body]. A 

 genus of parasitic coccidia which infest the blood discs 

 of birds. See Parasites, Table of Animal. 



Proteosuria (pro-te-o-su' '-re-ah) [proteose; ovpov, urine]. 

 The presence of proteoses in the urine. 



Proteuria {pro-te-u'-re-ah). The presence of proteids 

 in the urine. 



Proteuric (pro-te-u'-rik). Relating to proteuria. 



Prothrombin {pro-throm' -bin) [Vpwroc, first ; throm- 

 bin]. A nucleoproteid enzyme of the blood-plasma 

 which brings about coagulation by changing fibrinogen 

 into fibrin by combining with soluble lime salt, and 

 thus forming fibrin ferment or thrombin. 



Prothymia ( pro-thi'-me-ah) \rtpodvfua, zeal, readiness]. 

 Intellectual alertness. 



Protium (pro / -te-um). A genus of the order Bur- 

 seracecs. A. altissimum, March., a species of South 

 America, yields a resin similar to tacamahac and 

 elemi. The bark and the wood (white cedar) are rec- 

 ommended in intermittent fever and urinary diseases. 

 P. aracouchini, March., a species of Guiana, yields a 

 balsam, black frankincense, aracouxini, alouchi or 

 acouchi balsam, used as a vulnerary and antiseptic. P. 

 guianense, March., yields a very aromatic resin oc- 

 curring in commerce as elemi or balsamo, real, yellow 

 tacamahac, tacamahac incolore or frankincense of Cay- 

 enne. P. heptaphyllum, March., of Columbia, yields 

 Mauritius tacamahac. P. icicariba, March. , a species of 

 tropic America, yields the West Indian elemi or anime. 



Protogen (pro'-lo-fen) [Vpurof, first; yevvdv, to pro- 

 duce], I. Any albuminoid compound which does not 

 coagulate when heated in aqueous solution. 2. A 

 dietetic obtained by action of formic aldehyd on egg- 

 albumin. 



Protometer ( pro-torn' '-ct-ur) [Trpurnc, first; pi r pur, 

 measure]. An instrument for measuring the forward 

 projection of the eyeball. It consistsof a rule with one 

 straight and one curved edge with parallel lines on the 

 upper surface, along which the observer sights. 



Protomorphic. (See Illus. Diet.) P. Races, the 

 remnants of the primitive people; aborigines, people 

 still in a state of nature. Ger. Naturvolhcr. 



Proton. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Kossel's name for any 

 one of a group of substances closely allied to protamins 

 but differing from them in the solubility of their sul- 

 fates. They occur as intermediate products during the 

 hydrolytic decomposition of protamins into hexon bases. 

 3. A food prepared from milk casein. 



Protonephros. See Protontphron (Illus. Diet.). 



Protoneuron ( pro-!o-nn'-ron) [-/>mtw;, first; vevpov, 

 nerve]. One of a peculiar type of bipolar neurocytes 



or ganglion cells of the cerebrospinal system, charac- 

 terized by the entrance of the axis-cylinder of an 

 afferent nerve fibril through one of its prolongations, 

 terminating in its endoplasm. It constitutes a primary, 

 autonomous centripetal end-organ. Syn., Centripetal 

 protoneuron; Sensitive protoneuron ; First neuron of 

 the sensitive chain ; Peripheral sensitive neuron. 



Protonitrate {pro-to-ni'-trat). One of a series of salts 

 which contains the smallest proportion of the nitric 

 acid radicle in combination. 



Protonuclein ( pro-to-nu' -hie-in) [jxpuToq, first; nuclein\ 

 C M H 49 Nj P 5 O 32 . A preparation from the lymphoid 

 tissues of animals with the addition of milk-sugar and 

 gum benzoin. It is used as an invigorator. Dose, 

 3- 10 gr. several times daily. Applied also in substance 

 to cancerous wounds. 



Protophyllin (pro-io-fl'-in) [irpuroc, first; fiv/./or, a 

 leaf]. A name given by Gautier and Timiriazeff to a 

 colorless hydrid of chlorophyll, capable of reducing 

 carbon dioxid with liberation of oxygen and restitution 

 of chlorophyll ; it turns green on exposure to air or in 

 an atmosphere of carbon dioxid under influence of sun- 

 light. Its existence has been determined in etiolated 

 plants. 



Protopia, Protopin. (See Illus. Diet. ) It is hypnotic 

 and analgesic. Dose, 40-150 gr. (2.5-10 gm. ). 



Protoplasm. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. According to v, 

 Kupffer, the internal or endoplastic portions of the cell 

 body — that is, those adjacent to the nucleus, or th 

 primary and active portion of the cell as distinguishei 

 from the paraplasm or secondary and passive portion 

 Cf. Cytoplasm. 



Protoplastin (pro-to-plast / -in) [rcpuroq, first; TrZaoroc 

 formed]. Hanstein's term for the basal substance o: 

 protoplasm. 



Protoprotein ( pro-to-pro' -te-in). Loeb's term for "tha 

 material which by being converted into organize 

 nucleoproteids forms living matter." 



Protothrombin. See Prothrombin. 



Prototoxins (pro-to-tohs'-ins) [rrpcJTor, first ; toxins']. 

 Dissociation products of toxins differing from deutero- 

 toxins and tritotoxins in having a stronger affinity than 

 either for the antitoxins. 



Prototoxoid (pro-lo-lohs'-oid) [-rrpuToc, first; toxoid]. 

 A transformation product of prototoxin in which the 

 toxicity of the prototoxin is lost, but the combining 

 power retained. See under Toxoids. 



Prototroch ( prcS-to-trok) [7rp<jroc, first; Tpo\6c, a 

 wheel]. The embryonic precursor of the orbit. 



Prototrophic (pro-lo-tro'-/ih) [npuroq, first; rpooi,; j 

 nourishment]. Applied by A. Fischer to organism;] 

 which do not require organic matter or have not thel 

 faculty of decomposing proteid stuff. Cf. MetatrophicA 

 Para trophic. 



Protoxoid. Same as Prototoxoid. 



Protropin. See Protopin (Illus. Diet.). 



Protrypsin {pro-trip' -sin). See Tripsinogen (Illus 

 Diet.). 



Protylin (pro / -til-in). A synthetic product containinj 

 2. 7 % of phosphorus; a white powder insoluble in water 

 used in neurasthenia. Dose, 2-4 coffee-spoonfuls. 



Provence Cane. See Arutnio donax. 



Prox. luc. Abbreviation of proximo luce, the da 

 before. 



Prozonal {prc-zo'-nal) [pro, before; zona, a zone" 

 Applied by Fiirbringer to nerve-trunks lying in froi 

 of a sclerozone. 



Prual ( pru'al). A virulent toxic substance said to b 

 obtained from the root of Coptosapclta faveseen 

 Korth., a rubiaceous plant of Malaya. 



Pruinate ( pru'-in-at) [pruiiin, hoar frost]. Appearii 

 as if covered with boar frost; covered with a bloom 



