RADIODE 



447 



RAY 



Radiode (ra'-de-dd) [radius, a ray; oftoe, a way]. An 

 electric attachment for application of radium. 



Radiodermatitis (t-a-de-o-dur-mat i'-tis). See Acro- 

 dermatitis. 



Radiodiagnosis (ra-de-o-di-ag-no' -sis) [radius, a ray ; 

 did, apart; yvaxi/c, knowledge]. The diagnosis of a 

 lesion by means of radiography or radioscopy. 



Radiograph (ra'-de-o-graf) [radius, ray ; ypafetv, to 

 write]. The picture obtained by action of radiant 

 energy upon a sensitive plate. Cf. Skiagraph. 



Radiographer [ra-de-og / -ra/-ur). One skilled in 

 radiography. 

 iiography (ra-de-og* -ra-fe) [radius, a ray ; ypaotn; 

 rritel. The securing of a picture by the action of 

 idiant energy upon a sensitive plate. Syn., Skiag- 

 phy. R., Stereoscopic. See Radiostereoscopy. 

 idiology \ra-de-ol' -o-je) [radius, a ray; /.o-.nc, 

 science]. The science of radiant energy, 

 adiometer (ra-de-om' -et-ur) [radius, ray; metare, to 

 leasure]. An instrument for testing the penetration in 

 adiography, a skiameter. 



iiopraxis (ra-deo-praks / -is) [radius, ray; rrpof/r, 

 ction, practice]. The art of applying radiant energy 

 iither in therapeutics or for other purposes. 



lioscopy (ra-de-os'-ko-pe) [radius, a ray ; okote'iv, 

 to view]. The process of securing an image of an 

 object upon a fluorescent screen by means of radiant 

 energy. R., Stereoscopic. See Radiostereoscopy. 

 tadiostereoscopy (ra-de-o-ster-e-oJ -ko-pe) [radius, 

 ray; orepeos, solid ; OKOireiv, to view]. The application 

 of the principle of the stereoscope, obtaining a view- 

 point for the left eye and one for the right by lateral 

 displacement of the tube along the plane of the plate, 

 determining this displacement by the formula of Marie 

 and Ribault for the purpose of demonstrating the 

 different planes in which various objects shown by 

 radioscopy are situated. "~ 



Radiotherapeutic (ra-de-o-ther-ap-u'-tik) [radius, a 

 ray ; t)epa~eia, therapy]. Having reference to the ther- 

 apeutic use of radiant energy. 



Radiotherapeutics [ra-de-o-ther-ap-u f -tiks). See Ra- 

 diotherapy. 



Radiotherapy (ra-de-o-ther'-ap-e). The treatment of 

 disease by means of radiant energy. Cf. Photo- 

 therapy. 



Radium (ra'-de-um) [radiare, to emit rays]. An ele- 

 mentary body discovered in 1899 by Madame Curie in 

 pitchblende, characterized by the phenomenon (radio- 

 activity 1 which Henri Becquerel had described for 

 uranium. It is obtained by the fractional reprecipitation 

 or recrvstallization of the barium chlorid prepared from 

 the pitchblende. Radioactivity appears to be a mani- 

 festation of subatomic energy ; the atom of radium being 

 in a state of slow disintegration gives off a gaseous 

 emanation, which has the spectrum of helium. Other 

 radioactive substances are uranium, thorium, polonium, 

 and actinium. It appears that radioactive elements 

 are undergoing spontaneous transmutation into other 

 . elements. 



Raffinase (raf'-in-az). The enzyme which decomposes 

 raffinose; it is found in the seed of the cotton plant, in 

 the root of the sugar beet, in certain yeasts, and in 

 barley and wheat during germination. 



Railway Sickness. See Car-sickness (Illus. Diet.). 



Raise raz) [ME. raisen, to raise] To expectorate. 



Rale. See Illus. Diet.) R-, Hirtz's, a moist, sub- 

 crepitant rale, of a somewhat metallic character, pathog- 

 nomonic of tuberculous softening. R., Laennec's, a 

 modified subcrepitant rale due to mucus in the bron- 

 chioles; it is noted in pulmonary emphysema. R., 

 Metallic, R., Metallic Tinkling. See Metallic 

 Tinkling (Illus. Diet.). R., Piping. See R., Sibi- 



lant (lllus. Diet. . R.s, Skoda's Consonating. 

 See R., Consonating (Illus. Diet. 1. 



Ramaninjana | ram-an-in-yah'-nah). A nervous dis- 

 ease of Madagascar. 



Rape Seed. The seed of wild turnip, a variety of Bras- 

 sica campeJris, L. 



Raphe, Rhaphe. (See Illus. Diet.) R. of the Am- 

 pulla, a longitudinal ridge on the roof of the ampulla 

 of the semicircular canal. R. of the Pons, the inter- 

 section of the fibers at the meson as seen in transection. 

 R., Stilling's, a narrow band connecting the pyramids 

 of the oblongata. 



Raphidiospore | ra-fid ' -e-o-spir). See Exotospore. 



Rash. (See Illus. Diet.) R., Amygdalotomy, that 

 which generally appears on the second or third day 

 after the operation, on the neck, chest, or abdomen ; 

 it may be papular, roseolar, or erythematous in type ; 

 and lasts from two to five days. It may occur at any 

 age, being noticed twice as often in females as in 

 males. R., Crimson, measles. R., Doctor's, a 

 neurotic erythema occurring during a medical examina- 

 tion. R., Purple, purpura. R., Red, erythema. 

 R., Summer, lichen tropicus. R., Tonsillotomy. 

 See R., Amygdalotomy. 



Rasion (ra'-zhun) [radere, to scrape]. The scraping 

 of drugs with a file. 



Ration. 1 See Illus. Diet) R., Emergency, one 

 with high force-value and with sufficient available 

 nitrogen for the needs of hard labor, prepared in com- 

 pact form and designed for occasions when the use of 

 the regular ration is impracticable. 



(Munson.) 



Raw, Rawed (rah, rahd) [AS. hreaw, raw]. Ex- 

 coriated or abraded. 



Rawp. Hoarseness. 



Ray. (See Illus. Diet.) 3. A skate, a fish allied to the 

 shark. R.s, Actinic. See R.s, Ultraviolet. R.s, 

 Alpha, rays discovered in 1899 by Rutherford, emanat- 

 ing from uranium, thorium, and radium, and differing 

 from cathode rays in having much less penetrating 

 power and in not being deviated ordinarily either by a 

 magnet or by an electrically charged body. R.s. 

 Becquerel, invisible radiations consisting of electrified 

 material, particles or ions projected from radioactive 

 bodies, such as uranium, radium, polonium, or their 

 salts, without evident cause, and persisting over long 

 periods. Syn., Cranium ravs. R.s. Beta, Ruther- 

 ford's name for the cathode rays emitted by radioactive 

 substances. They differ from the a-njB in greater 

 penetrating power, weaker electric power, and in carry- 



