REDRESSMENT 



450 



REFLEXOGKAPH 



Redressment. (See Illus. Diet.) R. force, the for- 

 cible correction of a deformity or restoration of a dis- 

 placed part. 



Reducin {re-du f -sui). See Leukomains, Table oj 

 (Illus. Diet.). 



Reduction. (See Illus. Diet.) Syn., Diaplacis. R. 

 en bloc. See R. en masse (Illus. Diet.). Allis' 

 Method in dorsal dislocations of the right femur: 

 The surgeon kneeling by the side of the supine subject 

 grasps the ankle with his right hand and places the 

 bent elbow of his left arm beneath the popliteal space. 

 He now turns the bent leg outward by means of the 

 ankle and lifts it skyward ; next he turns the bent leg 

 inward and brings the femur down in extension. 

 Kocher's Method in dislocation of arm : The elbow 

 is carried firmly to the side with the forearm at a right 

 angle to the arm. The arm is then forcibly rotated 

 outward until the forearm points away from the body ; 

 next the arm is carried up from the body until it is in 

 the horizontal plane, running through the glenoid cav- 

 ity. The scapula is fixed and firm extension is made 

 during these movements. When the arm comes to the 

 level of the shoulder, it is gradually rotated inward and 

 is again brought to the side with the forearm across 

 the body. The head slips into place with the inward 

 rotation. K.'s Method in dorsal dislocation : The 

 luxated thigh is rotated inward and fixed to a right 

 angle, bringing the head to the acetabulum. It is 

 then lifted upward, the thigh rotated outward and 

 straightened as it is brought down parallel with the 

 other thigh. K.'s Method in forward suprapubic dis- 

 locations : Hyperex tension followed by flexion with 

 simultaneous pressure upon the head of the thigh, and 

 at last inward rotation. McBurney's Method in 

 fracture of the humerus consists in cutting down upon 

 the fracture and exercising traction and reduction by 

 means of a hook passed through a hole drilled in the 

 upper fragment. Middledorpf 's Method of reduc- 

 ing dorsal dislocation consists in strong flexion, abduc- 

 tion, and outward rotation of the extremity. 



Reevolution [re-ev-ol-u' -shun). Hughlings Jackson's 

 term for a symptom following an epileptic attack, 

 which consists of three stages : ( I ) Suspension of 

 power to understand speech (word- deafness) ; (2) 

 perception of words and echolalia without compre- 

 hension ; (3) return to conscious perception of speech 

 with continued lack of comprehension. 



Reflex. (See Illus. Diet.) See Law, Lasegue's, and 

 L., P/Higer's. Achilles-jerk, Babinski's reflex. 

 R. -action. See under Action (Illus. Diet.). R., 

 Anal, a contraction of the sphincter ani on anal 

 irritation. See A., Rectal. R., Babinski's, " phe- 

 nomene des orteils." Extension instead of flexion of 

 the toes on exciting the sole of the foot ; it is con- 

 nected with a lesion of the pyramidal tract and is 

 found in organic, but not in hysteric, hemiplegia. Cf. 

 R., Schdfer's. R., Bone, a reflex muscular contrac- 

 tion evoked by blows over a bone. R., Choking. 

 See R., Pharyngeal (Illus. Diet.). R., Corneoman- 

 dihular, F. v. Solder describes it as manifested by a 

 side movement of the lower jaw toward the side oppo- 

 site the eye tested when the cornea is lightly touched 

 and the mouth is slightly open. The reflex center, he 

 thinks, lies in the fifth motor nucleus, and the arc is 

 constituted by the sensory and motor branches of the 

 trigeminus. R., Cranial, any brain reflex. R., Fas- 

 cial, a reflex induced by a sudden tap over a fascia. 

 R., Faucial, irritation of the fauces producing vomiting. 

 R., Femoral, a reflex movement produced in certain 

 spinal diseases, as in some crises of transverse myelitis, 

 by irritation of the skin on the upper anterior aspect 

 of the thigh. It consists in plantar flexion of the first 



three toes and of the foot, and extension of the knee- 

 joint. R., Frontal, a true cutaneous reflex described by 

 McCarthy in which all the branches of the ophthalmic 

 nerve are concerned in its production. See R., Supra- 

 orbital. R. -function, a function due to reflex action. 

 R., Geigel's, the inguinal reflex in the female, corre- 

 sponding to the cremasteric reflex in the male. R., 

 Genital, reflex irritation due to abnormality of the 

 genitals. R., Gifford's, contraction of the pupil 

 occurring when a strong effort is made to close the lids 

 which are kept apart. The phenomenon is noted in 

 a certain portion of normal eyes, but more frequently 

 in cases of reflex and accommodative iridoplegia, es- 

 pecially in dementia paralytica, tabes, partial or total 

 blindness from diseases of the optic nerve or retina, 

 etc. R., Guttural, a reflex observed in cases of dis- 

 eased genitalia in women, in which the patient is very 

 desirous of spitting but cannot. R., Haab's Pupil, 

 if a bright object already present in the visual field be 

 looked at, the pupils contract, while there is no ap- 

 preciable change during convergence or accommoda- 

 tion. This points to a cortical lesion. Knee-jerk 

 (see Illus. Diet.), Rosenberg's Method of inducing: 

 By causing the patient to read aloud a difficult pass- 

 age, the production of the knee-jerk is facilitated. R., 

 Muscle, R., Muscular. See R., Tendon (Illus. 

 Diet.). R., Ophthalmic. See R., Supraorbital. 

 R.s, Organic, reflex movements associated with or- 

 ganic life. R.s, Pathic, movements resulting from 

 stimulation of a sensory nerve. R., Penile, retrac- 

 tion of the penis when percussed on the under surface 

 near the root. R., Piltz's, alteration of the size of 

 the pupil when the attention is suddenly fixed. R., 

 Rectal, the reflex by which the aggregation of feces 

 in the rectum induces defecation. R., Rennie Palm, 

 a reflex described by George E. Rennie, consisting in 

 a contraction of the digital flexors induced by tickling 

 of the palm. R., Schafer's, pinching of the tendo 

 Achillis at its middle or upper third causes slight 

 flexion of the foot and toes in normal persons, but ex- 

 tension of the foot and toes in cases of organic hemi- 

 plegia. The significance of this reflex is the same as 

 that of Babinski's toe phenomenon. R. -spasm, Sal- 

 tatorial [Bamberger, 1859]. Synonym of Spasm, 

 saltatorial. R., Supraorbital, a slight but distinct 

 contraction of the orbicularis palpebrarum on striking 

 the supraorbital nerve or one of its branches with a 

 slight blow. R., Triceps, extension of the forearm 

 on tapping the elbow-tendon. R., Visceral, one of 

 a group of reflexes: as, Blinking, from touching the 

 cornea ; Penile, erection on slight contact or produced 

 by passing a catheter ; Rectal, constriction of the bowel 

 following introduction of a foreign body, as a sup- 

 pository ; Sneezing; that produced by a draft of cold 

 air or a brilliant light ; Swallowing, that due to stimu- 

 lation of the center situated in the bulb; Vesicle^ 

 contraction of the bladder following irritation of the 

 urethral orifice, e.g., incontinence of urine in children, 

 by reason of a long prepuce; Vomiting, from tickling 

 the fauces. R., Weiss', a curvilinear reflex on the 

 nasal side of the optic disc, regarded as a prodromal 

 sign of myopia. R., Westphal-Piltz's. See R.M 

 Gifford' s. 



Reflex-multiplicator (re-Jleks-mul-te-pli-ka'-tor) [re- 

 flexus, thrown back ; multiplicare, to multiply]. 

 An apparatus constructed by Sommer for the regis- 

 tration of tendon reflexes, especially the knee-pheno- 

 menon. 



Reflexograph (re-Jleks'-o-graf) \reflectere, to bend 

 back; ypd<peiv, to write]. An instrument devised by 

 Bechterew for measuring, dining, and charting auto- 

 matically knee-jerks and other tendon reflexes. 



