SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS 



473 



SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS 



S., Murat's, pulmonary tuberculosis; vibration of 

 the affected part of the chest with a sense of discom- 

 fort while talking aloud. S., Musset's (named from 

 the poet de Mu^set, who presented the phenomenon), 

 rhythmic movements of the head synchronous with 

 the radial pulse, observed in persons with an aortic 

 affection ; it is considered a pathognomonic sign of an 

 affection of the circulatory system. Mussey's (de) 

 Point or Symptom, ''bouton diaphagmatique," a 

 point intensely painful on pressure at the intersection 

 of a line continuous with the left border of the ster- 

 num and of another forming a prolongation of the 

 tenth rib. It is noted in diaphragmatic pleurisy. 

 Myocarditis. See S., LancisPs. Myopia. See 

 S. , Weis? . Nephrolithiasis. See S., Thornton s. 

 Neuralgia. See S., Gousset's, Seelig-Miiller s, Trous- 

 tau' s. Neurasthenia. See S., Bryson's, Erberi s, 

 Rosenbach's, Seller's, Weiss'. Neuroses, Trau- 

 matic. SeeS.,RumJ>/'s. S., Nothnagel's, paraly- 

 sis of the facial muscles, which is less marked on volun- 

 tary movements than on movements connected with 

 emotions This symptom has been noted in cases of 

 tumor of the optic thalamus. Nystagmus. See S., 

 Bard's. Occlusion. See 5.. Me/tze> J s. S., Oppol- 

 zer's, on palpation the seat of the apex-beat is found to 

 change with the alteration of the patient's posture in 

 cases of serofibrinous pericarditis. S., Osiander's,of 

 pregnancy, vaginal pulsation. Palsy, Paralysis. See 

 S., Beir s, Berber's, Bordier and FrenkeFs, Du- 

 chenne' s, Joffroy's, Revilliod's. S., Perez', a loud 

 friction murmur heard over the sternum when the 

 patient raises his arms, especially the left, over his 

 head and lets them fall again ; it is noted in cases of 

 aneurysm of the arch of the aorta and mediastinal tu- 

 mors. Pericardial Effusion. See S., Auenbrug- 

 ger's, Etoarfs, Rolen's, Sanson's, Sibson's. Peri- 

 carditis. See S., Graves', Josser and* s, Oppolzer's, 

 Warthin's. Perigastritis. See S., Rosenheim's. 

 Peritonitis. See S., Fredericks. S., Pfuhl's, S., 

 P.-Jaffe's, in subphrenic pyopneumothorax the liquid 

 issues from the exploratory puncture or incision with 

 considerable force during inspiration, while the contrary 

 occurs in true pneumothorax. S.s, Physical, the 

 symptoms derived from auscultation, percussion, etc. 

 S.. Pinard's, after the sixth month of pregnancy a 

 sharp pain upon pressure over the fundus uteri is fre- 

 quently a sign of breech presentation. S., Pitres'. 

 I. "Signe du cordeau." The angle formed by the 

 axis of the sternum and the line represented by a cord 

 dropped from the suprasternal notch to the symphy- 

 sis pubis indicates the degree of deviation of the ster- 

 num in cases of pleuritic effusion. 2. Hypesthesia of 

 the scrotum and testis in tabes dorsalis. Pleural 

 Effusion. See S., Kellock's, Lit/en's, Greene's, 

 Pitres' (l), Prze-.calskf s, Sieur's. Pleurisy. See 

 S., AndraFs, de Mussey's. S., Plumb-line. See 

 S., Pitres' (i). Pneumothorax. See S.. Leiden's, 

 Pfuhl-Jaffe' s. Politzer's Test, in cases of unilateral 

 middle-ear disease, associated with obstruction of the 

 eustachian tube, the sound of a vibrating tuning-fork 

 (C 2 ) held before the nares during deglutition is per- 

 ceived by the normal ear only; if the tube be \ atulous, 

 the sound sensation is frequently stronger in the affected 

 ear. In unilateral disease of the labyrinth the tuning- 

 fork is heard in the normal ear whether deglutition 

 occur or not. Pregnancy. See S., Ahlfe/d's, Bec- 

 caria' s, GoodelP s, HuebP s. facquemier' s, Kennedy's, 

 fayor's, Osiander's, Si-hater's, Rasch's, Reusner's, 

 iinmann' s. S., Prevost's, conjugate deviation of 

 ie eyes and head, which look away from the palsied 

 ttremities and toward the affected hemisphere; it is 

 loted in cerebral hemorrhage. S., Przewalski's (B.), 



of pleurisy with effusion : narrowing of the intercostal 

 spaces and increased rigidity of the intercostal muscles 

 on the affected side. S., Putnam's, absolute in- 

 crease of measurements from the anterior superior 

 iliac spine to the internal malleolus; it is observed in 

 hysteric hip disease. S., Quinquaud's, of chronic 

 alcoholism : the subject for examination is directed to 

 hold the tips of the outstretched fingers of one hand 

 perpendicularly to the outspread palm of the examiner 

 and to press upon it with only moderate firmness. In 

 the course of two or three seconds if the person is ad- 

 dicted to alcohol, crepitation of the phalanges will be 

 perceptible, as if the bones of each finger impinged 

 roughly upon each other. The sound ranges in in- 

 tensity from a slight grating to crashing. S., Rasch's, 

 fluctuation obtained by applying two fingers of the 

 right hand to the cervix, as in ballottement, and 

 steadying the uterus through the abdomen with the 

 left hand. It depends upon the presence of the liquor 

 amnii, and is an early sign of pregnancv. S., Reich- 

 mann's, the presence in the stomach before eating in 

 the morning, of an acid liquid mixed with alimentary 

 residues ; it is indicative of gastrosuccorrhea and py- 

 loric stenosis. S., Remak's, the production, by the 

 pricking of a needle, of a double sensation, the second 

 being painful ; it is noted in tabes dorsalis. Retinitis. 

 See S., Gould's, Roth's. S., Reusner's, marked 

 pulsation of the uterine uterus felt in the posterior cul- 

 desac during early pregnancy. S., Revilliod's, 

 " signe de l'orbiculaire," inability of the patient to close 

 the eye of the affected side only ; it is observed in par- 

 alysis of the superior facial nerve. Rickets. See S., 

 Lucas\ S., Rinmann's, of early pregnancy, slender 

 cords radiating from the nipple ; they are considered to 

 be hypertrophic acini of theglands. Rinne's Test, if 

 a vibrating tuning-fork be placed on the vertex, and 

 then, before it has ceased to vibrate, held before a 

 normal ear, the vibration is still distinctly perceived. 

 The test is negative when a lesion exists. S., Rip- 

 ault's, a change in the shape of the pupil on pressure 

 upon the eye, transitory during life, but permanent 

 after death. S., Roger's, subnormal temperature 

 during the third stage of tuberculous meningitis, re- 

 garded by Roger as pathognomonic of the disease. 

 S., Romberg's. I. Swaying of the body and in- 

 ability to stand when the eyes are closed and the feet 

 placed together; it is seen in tabes dorsalis, hereditary 

 cerebellar ataxia, etc. 2. Neuralgic pain in the course 

 and distribution of the obturator nerve, pathognomonic 

 of obturator hernia. S., Rommelaere's, diminution 

 of the normal phosphates and chlorids of sodium in 

 the urine is pathognomonic of cancerous cachexia. 

 S., Rosenbach's, i i) loss of the abdominal reflex in 

 inflammatory intestinal diseases; (2) tremor of the 

 eyelids when the patient is asked to close them, often 

 with insufficient closure of the lids. It is seen in 

 neurasthenia. S., Rosenheim's, a friction sound 

 heard on auscultation over the left hypochondrium in 

 fibrous perigastritis. S., Rosenthal's, the applica- 

 tion of a strong faradic current to the sides of the ver- 

 tebral column causes burning and stabbing pains in 

 cases of spondylitis. S., Roser-Braun's, absence 

 of pulsations of the dura in cases of cerebral abscess, 

 tumors, etc. S., Rotch's. dulness on percussion in 

 the right fifth intercostal space in pericardial effusion. 

 Roth's Spots, white spots, resembling those of albu- 

 minuric retinitis, seen in the region of the optic disc 

 and the macula in cases of septic retinitis. S., 

 Roussel's. a sharp pain caused on light percussion, 

 in the subclavicular region between the clavicle and 

 the third or fourth rib, originating 3 to 4 cm. from the 

 median line and extending to and beyond the shoulder 



