SKIMMIN 



47: 



SODIUM 



PThunb. , a species of Japan ; the flowers are used to 

 flavor tea, the leaves contain an ethereal oil, the bark 

 contains the glucosid skimmin. 



Skimmin (skim / -in). C 15 H 16 8 . A glucosid similar to 

 scopolin and esculin isolated from the bark of Skim- 

 mia japonica, Thunb., occurring in long, colorless 

 needles soluble in hot water, alcohol, or alkalis, insol- 

 uble in chloroform or ether ; melts at 2io° C. 



Skin. (See Illus. Diet.) S., Atrophy of the, a 

 wasting-away or retrogressive change in the skin ; 

 dermatatrophia. S., Congestion of the, engorge- 

 ment of the bloodvessels of the skin; dermathemia. 

 S.. Edema of the. effusion of serum into the areolar 

 ;e of the skin; dermatochysis. S. -grafting, (i) 

 Auto-epidermic : When the epithelial cells are taken 

 from the patient, it includes, (a) scrapings from 

 healthy skin, (a) corn shavings, (c) pellicles from 

 blisters, (d ) the Ollier-Thiersch method, in which 

 one-half the skin thickness (epidermis, rete, and part 

 of the cutis proper) is required, and (e) the Krause 

 method, in which the whole thickness of the skin is 

 used in grafting. (2) Hetero-epidermic : When the 

 epithelial cells are furnished by another person. (3) 

 Zoodermic : When the skin is removed from lower 

 species, as the use of [a) small pieces of sponge, (6) 

 frog skin, (c) inner membrane of hens' eggs, (d) in- 

 ner surface of pullets' wings, (e) skin of pups, (f) 

 skin of guineapigs, ig) skin of rabbits. (Billings.) 

 S., Hypertrophy of the, excessive growth of the 

 skin ; dermathypertrophia. S., Neuralgia of the. 

 See Dermalalgia (Illus. Diet.). S., Pigmentation 

 of the. See Dermatodyschroia. S. -shedding. See 

 Keratolysis 1 Illus. Diet.). 



Skiography. See Skiagraphy. 



Skirt. The diaphragm. 



Sklerodactylia. See Sclerodactylia (Illus. Diet.). 



Skolikoiditis (sko-le-koid-i'-tis) [aKu7.j]K0ti6ijc t worm- 

 like]. Synonym of Appendicitis. 



Skoliosis. See Scoliosis (Illus. Diet.). 



Skookum Chuck [Amerind, good water]. A homeo- 

 pathic remedy for skin-diseases consisting of a tritura- 

 tion of the salts of the spring of this name. Dose, 2 

 gr. in '2 glass of water; teaspoonful every 2 or 3 

 hours. 



Skotograph (sko'to-graf). See Scotograph (Illus. 

 Diet. I. 



Skotography {sko-tog' '-ra/-e) . Synonym of Skiag- 

 raphy. 



Skull. (See Illus. Diet.) Modes of Measuring 

 the Capacity of : Broca's Method. 1. The skull 

 made impermeable is filled with water which can be 

 weighed or measured. 2. The skull is packed with 

 shot, which is then measured ; but both the filling 

 and measuring are aided by certain implements, and 

 especially by a funnel of certain dimensions, which 

 controls the flow of the shot, and every step of the 

 procedure follows definite rules. Method of Busk, 

 Flower, or Tiedemann, the skull is filled with small, 

 rounded seeds, beads, shot or other substance, and the 

 contents are then measured. The filling or the meas- 

 uring (or both) is aided by certain manipulations 

 1 tilting, tapping, etc.). Method of Schmidt or 

 Matthews. See M. of Broca. Welcker's Method, 

 the mode of filling the skull, so long as efficient and 

 uniform, is immaterial ; all that is required is that each 

 worker should, with the aid of a standard skull, find 

 the exact size of the funnel necessary to give him, in 

 measuring, the correct result with his particular 

 method and substance used for the filling of the 

 skull. 



Slabber (slab>-i,r\. See Slarer (Illus. Diet.). 



Slag-wool. A product of blowing a jet of steam into 



melted slag ; it is noninflammable and a nonconductor 

 of heat. Syn., Mineral Wool. 



Slake \sldk) [AS. sleccan, to quench, extinguish]. 1. 

 To quench or appease. 2. To disintegrate by the ac- 

 tion of water. 



Sleepy. (See Illus. Diet.) S. Grass. See Stipa 

 vateyi, Scribner. 



Slobber (sloM-ur). See Slarer (Illus. Diet.). 



Smesches ysme'-chez). Puffs of arsenious acid gas which 

 occasionally escape from the doors of the calcining 

 furnaces in Cornish arsenic works and which give rise 

 to pulrnonarv irritation among the workmen. 



Smilacin. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. C^H^Og (Fliicki- 

 ger) or C^H^O, (Poggiale) or C^H^Oj (Peterson). 

 Folchi's name for a saponin-like glucosid found by 

 Palotta, 1S24, in sarsaparilla root > various species of 

 Smilax) and named by him jariglin. It forms a yel- 

 lowish-white powder, soluble in water and alcohol ; 

 alterative, expectorant, and emetic, and used in syph- 

 ilis and colds. Dose, 1-3 gr. 10.065-0.2 gin. ). Syn., 

 Parillin (Batha), Salseparin (Thubeuf). 



Smile (srrtil) [ME. nm/l. A joyful expression. S., 

 Levator, S., Nasal, W. R. Gowers' name for a 

 peculiarity of expression in patients affected with 

 myasthenia gravis, consisting in absence of normal 

 movement at the corner of the mouth. 



Snaggle-teeth (snag^-l). Irregular and oblique den- 

 tition. 



Sneezing. (See Illus. Diet.) S., Pregnancy, spas- 

 modic fits of sneezing from hyperemia of the nasal 

 mucosa, following a circulatory disturbance due to the 

 condition of pregnancy. 



Soap. (See Illus. Diet.) S., Gray, soap to which 

 mercury and benzoinated fat are added. Syn., Sapo- 

 cinereus. S., Spanish, castile soap. 



Sock. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. An insole. S. Instep 

 Arch, a device to be worn inside the boot in cases of 

 flat-foot. 



Socordia [so-kor / -de-ak) \_socors, silly]. Hallucination. 



Sodium. (See Illus. Diet. ) S.-acetanilid Sulfonate, 

 a white crystalline mass, readily soluble in water, 

 used as a substitute for antipyrin. S. Acid Subsali- 

 cylate. See 5. Sulfoialicylate, Acid. S. Anhydro- 

 methylenecitrate, an antilithemic remedy depending 

 in its aetion upon the liberation of formic aldehyd in 

 the blood. Syn., Citar in. S. Anisate, 2N'aC s H 7 O s - 

 -(- H,0, small colorless scales, soluble in water; anti- 

 pyretic and antirheumatic. Dose, 5-15 gr. (O.32-I 

 gm. ). S. Arsenate. NaJH A>0 4 -4- 7H,0, clear color- 

 less poisonous prisms, with mild alkaline taste, soluble 

 in 4 parts of water; alterative, tonic, antiseptic. Dose, 

 l 1 {- 2 V"/8 HP"- (0.001-0.003-0.008 gm. 1. Antidotes — 

 emetics, stomach siphon, fresh ferric hydrate, dialyzed 

 iron, ferric hydrate, and magnesia, demulcents, stimu- 

 lants, warmth. S. Arseniate. See S. Arsenate. 

 S. Arsenotartrate. a soluble arsenic salt recommended 

 as a substitute for potassium arsenite and arsenous acid. 

 S. Aurochlorid, AuCl 3 XaCl — 2H 2 0, a golden-yellow 

 powder said to contain 30% of gold and freely soluble 

 in water, sparingly so in alcohol. It is used in syphilis. 

 Dose, }/e-i gr. (0.01-0.06 gm.). S.-benzoyl-sul- 

 fonicimid. See Saccharin (1) (Illus. Diet.). S. 

 Biborate. See S. Borate. S. Biiodosalicylate. 

 See S. Diiodosalicylate S. -bismuth Citropyroborate, 

 lustrous leaflets soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol ; 

 used in gastralgia. S. Bisulfate, NaIIS0 4 — H,0 ; 

 it is used as a means of rendering water infected by 

 typhoid bacilli drinkable and harmless for troops in the 

 field. S. Bisulfite, NaHSQ, - H t O, opaque prisms 

 or granular powder of disagreeable taste, soluble in 4 

 parts of water, 72 parts of alcohol, or 2 parts of boiling 

 water. It is antipyretic and antiseptic. Dose, 0.65-2 



