SFONDYLODYMUS 



Spondylod3rmus {spon-dil-od' -im-us) [o-onW/iu-, verte- 

 bra ; dvetv, to enter]. A twin monster united by the 

 vertebras. 



Spondylosis (spondilosis) [ff-orJc/oc, vertebra]. 

 Vertebral ankylosis. S., Rhizomelic, spondylose 

 rhizometique ; Marie's term for a variety of arthritis 

 deformans with ankylosis of the vertebras and arthritis 

 of the hips and shoulders. 



Sponge. ^See Illus. Diet.) S., Bernay's Aseptic, 

 small circular discs of prepared cotton fiber which has 

 been subjected to great pressure ; when placed in water, 

 they increase in size twelve to fifteen times. They are 

 recommended as controlling agents in nasal hemor- 

 rhage. S. -gatherer's Disease, a disease of divers 

 due to a secretion of a species of Actinia found in 

 waters where sponges grow. This viscid excretion 

 causes at the point of contact upon the body a swelling 

 and intense itching followed by a papule surrounded 

 by a zone of redness which later becomes black and 

 gangrenous and forms a deep ulcer. Cf. Thalassin. 

 S.work. Synonym of Spongioplasm . 



Spongioblast. (See Illus. Diet. ) S. of Inner 

 Molecular Layer of Retina. See Cells, Amacrine. 



Spongiocyte (spun*- fe-o-sil) [o-o^^oc, sponge; kvtoc, 

 a hollow]. Fish's term for the glia or neuroglia cell. 



Spongiositis (spun-je-o-si' -tis). Inflammation of the 

 corpus spongiosum. 



Spoonful. A spoon is full when the contained liquid 

 comes up to but does not show a curve above the upper 

 edge or rim of the bowl. A teaspoonful equals 5 c.c.; 

 a desertspoonful, 10 c.c; a tablespoonful, 15 c.c. 



Sporadin {spo-rad ' -in) [p-opac, scattered]. The phase 

 of a gregarine in which it consists of protomerite and 

 deutomerite, having lost the epimerite in gaining its 

 liberty. Cf. Cephalont. 



Sporadoneuxe (spor-ad'-e-.tiir) [o-opd^, scattered; 

 iov, nerve]. An isolated nerve-cell. 



Sporangial (spor-ati'-je al). Relating to a sporan- 

 gium. 



Sporidium. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. A provisional genus 

 of sporozoa. S. vaccinale, Funck, a species of spo- 

 rozoa occurring as: (1) small, spherical, highly re- 

 fractive bodies ( 2-10 ft) of green color and slow move- 

 ment; (2) small refracting spheres enclosed in cap- 

 sules; (3) morula masses or spore casts. They can be 

 cultivated and the culture produces typical vaccinia 

 when inoculated in calves. 



Sporification (spor-if-ik-a' -shun). The formation of 

 spores. 



Sporocyst. (See Illus. Diet.) 4. That stage of a spo- 

 rozoan resulting from the development of a sporoblast 

 and in its turn giving rise to two sporozoits. 



Sporogony. (See Illus. Diet ) 2. A form of exogenous 

 sporulation ; an oocyst containing a sporont divides 

 into four sporoblasts, which ripen into sporocysts and 

 in turn divide into a crescentic nucleated body, the 

 sporozoit. It occurs among coccidia. Cf. Schizogony. 



Sporont. (See Illus. Diet. ) 2. Schaudinn's term for 

 the single-celled contents of the coccidial oocyst. Cf. 

 Schizont. 



Sporoplasm (spoH-o-plazm) [orropoc, seed; Tz/.aamiv, 

 to form]. The cvtoplasm of the asexual reproductive 

 cell. 



Sporotheca (spor-o-the / -kah) [ei-opoc, seed; (Hjiai, a 

 case]. 1. See Sporangium ( Illus. Diet). 2. The 

 envelope of the sporulating cell. 



Sporozoit (spor-o-zo' '-it ) [orropoc, seed ; Coop, an 

 animal]. The sickle -shaped, nucleated organism which 

 results from the division of a sporocyst among the spo- 

 rozoa. Syn., Germinal rod (Ross, 1878); Zygotoblast 

 (Ross, 1899); Gametoblast (Lankester, 1900). Cf. 

 Merozoit. 



485 



STACHYDRIN 



Spot. (See Illus. Diet.) S.s. Bitot's, xerosis con- 

 junctivae. Silver gray, shiny, triangular spots on both 

 sides of the cornea, within the region of the palpebral 

 aperture, consisting of dried epithelium, flaky masses 

 and microorganisms. Observed in some cases of 

 hemeralopia. S., Blue (of the integument), a tegu- 

 • mentary spot over the sacral region characteristic of the 

 Mongolian race ; due to aggregations of long, spindle- 

 shaped, and stellate cells in the cutis containing pig- 

 ment. It appears in the fourth month of fetal life and 

 persists sometimes to the seventh year. S.s, Genital, 

 nasal parts which show increased sensitiveness during 

 menstruation. S.s, Koplik's. Sec under Sign. S.s, 

 de Morgan's. See under Sign. S.s, Rose, a red 

 papulous eruption forming spots the size of a small 

 lentil, effaced by pressure of the finger and occurring 

 mostly on the abdomen and loins during the first seven 

 days of typhoid fever. They are due to inflammation 

 of the papillary layer of the skin from invasion of 

 typhoid bacilli. Syn., Typhoid spots; Typhoid roseola. 

 Fr. Tache rosees lenticulaires. Cf. Taches bleuatres. 

 S.s, Roth's. See under Sign. S.s, Soldiers'. 

 Same as Macula lutea. S.s, Typhoid. See S.s, 

 Rose. S.s, White, grayish or yellowish-white elevated 

 spots from the size of a pin-head to that of a one-cent 

 piece, of varying shape and distinctness of outline, 

 often occurring on the ventricular surface of the anterior 

 leaflet of the mitral valve. 



Spotted Fever. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. See under 

 Fever. 



Spray. (See Illus. Diet.) S.-cuie, a form of douche 

 applied by means of a spraying apparatus. 



Sprew (spru). See Thrush (Illus. Diet.). 



Spring. (See Illus. Diet.) S.-knee, a condition of 

 the knee similar in general features to the condition 

 known as spring-finger. Just before full extension of 

 the joint is reached there is a slight hitch, and then the 

 limb straightens itself with a sharp, rather painful jerk. 



Sprit. The commercial name for pure alcohol, 96^. 



Sprouw. See Sprue (2). 



Sprue. (See Ilius. Diet. ) 2. The name given by the 

 Dutch in Java to aphthie tropice (g. v. ) ; a chronic 

 catarrhal inflammation of the entire alimentary tract, 

 especially prevalent in Malaya. It is also called tropical 

 sprue, diarrhoea alba, or Ceylon sore mouth, sprouw. 



Spud [Dan. Spyd. a spear]. 1. An instrument used in 

 the detachment of the mucosa in flaps in operations 

 necessitating the removal of bone. 2. A short flat- 

 tened blade used to dislodge a foreign substance. 



Spur. (See Illus. Diet > 3. Ergot S. -blind, 

 myopic. S. of the Septum, an outgrowth of the nasal 

 septum. 



Sputum. (See Illus. Diet) S., Aeruginous. See 

 S., Green (Illus. Diet). S., Hailstone, spheric 

 masses of sputum of the later stages of bronchitis. 

 Sputa margaritacea. See .*>., Pearly. S., Muco- 

 purulent, small lumps or pellets in a viscid muco- 

 serous fluid, seen in bronchitis. S-, Pearly, sputum 

 consisting of small gray translucent pellets. 



Squama. (See Illus. Diet) S. frontalis, the vertical 

 portion of the frontal bone. S. occipitalis, the supra- 

 occipital bone. S. temporalis, the squamosa. 



Squamomandibular (sku<a-mo-man-dib f -u-lar). Re- 

 lating to the squamous and maxillary bones. 



Squamosa (skwa-m(/-sah . The squamous portion of 

 the temporal bone. 



Squamosal. (See Illus. Diet) 2. See Squamosa. 



Squarious (s Ama f -rr-ms) [squariosus, scurfy]. Scurfy. 



Stachydrin (sta-kid'-rin). C 7 H„NO,. An alkaloid 

 from the bulb of Stachys palustris, L., forming color- 

 less crystals which liquefy on exposure; soluble in 

 water and alcohol, melt at 210 C. 



