STAMMERING 



512 



STATUS 



staining in carmin is successful. Steel instruments 

 or any apparatus containing iron must be avoided. 

 Potassium ferricyanid may be used instead of potas 

 sium ferrocyanid and will give a blue stain. Zenker s 

 Fluid. Dissolve 25 gm. potassium bichromate, 10 

 gm. sodium sulfate, and 50 gm. mercuric chlorid in 

 IOOD c.c. warm distilled water. At the time of using 

 add to each 20 c.c. I c.c. of glacial acetic acid. 

 Fix the tissue from 24 to 48 hours, wash for 24 hours 

 in running water. Harden in the dark in the ascend- 

 ing series of alcohols. For the removal of the pre- 

 cipitate add to the 90% alcohol enough tincture of 

 iodin to impart the color of port- wine and repeat the 

 addition daily until the color does not fade. Preserve 

 in 90% alcohol. Ziemann's Stain for blood. 

 Original modification : Solution A. — \ c / aqueous so- 

 lution of methylene-blue med. puriss. (Hochst), 

 at least 24 hours old, and containing no undissolved 

 particles. Solution B. — o. if aqueous solution of 

 eosin — freshly prepared from an aqueous I c / c stock so- 

 lution of eosin. To determine the proportion of the 

 two solutions, and the length of time which gives the 

 best results, make mixtures of solutions A and B in 

 proportions ranging from 1 : 4 to I : 7. For each such 

 mixture prepare three watch-crystals each containing a 

 blood-film placed face down. Pour a portion of the mix- 

 ture into each of the three watch-crystals, and remove 

 one film every 10 minutes. Ziemann obtained the best 

 results from mixtures having the proportion of I : 5 or 



1 : 6, in which he stained for from 20 to 40 minutes. It 

 is important to measure out the solutions with the great- 

 est possible accuracy. According to Ziemann, the 

 finding of the correct proportion between the two solu- 

 tions and the proper staining period requires about 1 

 hour. Wash the films in distilled water. They may 

 be decolorized in a 0.5 f or I </ solution of acetic acid 

 or HC1 ; or in a 1 % aqueous solution of methylene- 

 blue. Subsequent modification : Solution A. — 

 Methylene-blue med. puriss. (Hochst), 1 gm.; borax, 



2 to 4 gm. (usually, 2.5 gm.); distilled water, 100 c.c. 

 Solution B. — O.I% aqueous solution of eosin ("A 

 G" Hochst). To make up the stain mix: solution 

 A, I part; solution B, 4 parts. Stain blood-films for 

 5 minutes; 8 to IO minutes stains the chromatin 

 almost black. Fix films either by passing through the 

 flame or in absolute alcohol for 20 minutes to 30 

 minutes. Zimmerman's Method for the demon- 

 stration of the canaliculi of bone : Treat thin ground 

 sections with xylol, dry, and boil for several minutes in 

 saturated alcoholic solution of fuchsin ; cover both 

 sides with the stain and dry by evaporation; scrape 

 off the superfluous dye, moisten with xylol, file, and 

 mount in xylol balsam. Zollikofer's Method for 

 the study of leukocytes: Prepare 0.05% aqueous so- 

 lutions of eosin and methylene-blue and add to each 

 I % of formalin. Filter and keep in the dark, for 

 staining mix equal parts of the solutions and with a 

 dark glass pipet fill a Thoma-Zeiss pipet, containing 

 blood up to 0.5, to I.20, and after 5 minutes fill the 

 counting chamber with the stained blood. By this 

 method crushing of the cells is avoided and the 

 erythrocytes are decolored. 



Stammering. (See Illus. Diet.) S. -bladder. See 



under Bladder. 

 Stamper {stamf/-ur). A name for one affected with 



locomotor ataxia, from the stamping gait incident to it. 

 Stannate (sfan'-dt). A salt of stannic acid. 

 Stannic. (See Illus. Diet.) 2. Containing tin as a 



tetrad radicle. 

 Stanniferous (sfan-if'-ur-us) \ttannum, tin ; ferre, to 



bear]. Yielding or containing tin. 

 Stannite (slan-ll). Sulfid of tin, bell-metal. 



Stannous (sta?i'-us). Containing tin as a bivalent element. 



Stapedial [sta-pe f -de-al) [stapes, a stirrup]. I. Shaped 

 like a stirrup. 2. Relating to the stapes. 



Staphyloangina {staf-il-o-an-ji'-nah). Walsh's term 

 for pseudomembranous inflammation's of the throat 

 due to infection by staphylococci. 



Staphylococcemia {staf-il-o-kok-se'-me-ah) [Staphylo- 

 coccus ; atiia, blood]. A morbid condition due to the 

 presence of staphylococci in the blood. 



Staphylococcia {staf-il-o-kok' -se-ali). General infec- 

 tion with staphylococci. 



Staphylocosis (staf-il-o-ko'-sis). Infection by staphylo- 

 cocci. 



Staphylohemia (staf-il-o-ke'-me-ah) [Staphylococcus, 

 alfta, blood]. See Staphylococcemia. 



Staphylolysin (staf-il-ol'-is-iti) [Staphylococcus ; 7ietv, 

 to loose]. Neisser and Wechsberg's name for a hemo- 

 lysin produced by Staphylococcus aureus and 5. alba. 



Staphyloma. (See Illus. Diet. ) S. aequatoriale, 

 S. aequatoris, S., Equatorial, staphyloma of the 

 sclera in the equatorial region. S., Scarpa's, posterior 

 staphyloma ; staphyloma of the posterior segment of 

 the sclera. S. uveale. See Iridoncosis (Illus. Diet.). 



Staphylomycosis (staf-il-o-mi-ko / -sis) [Staphylococcus ; 

 fii'icriQ, fungus]. A morbid condition due to staphylococci. 



Staphyloplasmin (staf-il-o-plaz' -min) [Staphylococcus ; 

 TrMcoeiv, to form]. Staphylococcus-toxin. 



Staphylostreptococcia (staf-il-o-strep-lo-kok'-se-ah). 

 Infection by both staphylococci and streptococci. 



Staphylotoxin (staf-il-o-toks' -in). See Staphylolysin. 



Staphysina (staf-is-i'-nah) [araipir, a dried grape]. A 

 product obtained by Thompson from the seeds of Del- 

 phinium staph isa^ria, L. 



Star. (See Illus. Diet.) S. -blind [AS. Staer-blind], 

 purblind, winking. S.s, Winslow's, capillary whorls 

 which form the beginning of the vorticose veins of the 

 choroid. Syn., Stella vasculosis ivinslowii. 



Starch. (See Illus. Diet.) S., Animal. (See Illus. 

 Diet.) 2. See Bodies, Amylaceous. S., Iodized, 

 iodid of starch, a dark powder containing 2 C / C of iodin ; 

 a disinfectant and internal and external antiseptic. 

 Dose, 3-10 gr. (0.2-0.65 gm. ). S., Soluble, a 

 white powder obtained by heating starch and glycerin 

 and adding strong alcohol during the cooling ; it is 

 used as an emulsifier. Syn., Amylodextrin. 



Starter {start* -ur) [ME. starten, to start]. A pure cul- 

 ture of bacteria employed to start some particular fer- 

 mentation, as in the ripening of cream. 



Stasimetry (stas-im'-et-re) [ardaic, a standing; fiirpov, 

 a measure]. Bitot's term for the estimation of the 

 consistency of soft organic bodies. 



Stasimorphy (stas / -e-mor-/e) [ardaic, a standing; 



form]. Deviation from the normal from arrest of de- 

 velopment. 



Stasophobia (stas-o-fc^-be-ah) [aramc, standing ; t[>6 t 3oc, 

 fear]. Fear of standing upright. 



Statice (stat'-is-e) [oTariKT/, an astringent herb], A 

 genus of plants of the order Plumbaginacea. S. 

 antarctica and S. brasiliensis, Bois. , baycuru or 

 guaycuru, South American species, are used to pro- 

 duce uterine contractions. S. gmelini, W., a species 

 indigenous to southern Russia, is used as a garble and 

 in diarrhea. S. limonium, L., grows upon the coasts 

 of Europe and North America ; the plant seed and 

 root is used as an astringent. 



Statocyst {s/at'-o-sist) [<rrflr<5c, standing; hianc, cyst]. 

 One of the vestibular sacs of the labyrinth which is 

 supposed to act as the nervous mechanism on which 

 static equilibrium depends. 



Status. (See Illus. Diet.) S. cribrosus, a scarcely 

 macroscopic sieve-like condition of the brain or nerve- 

 substance due to absorption of minute vessels, observed 



