TEST 



530 



TEST 



comes intensified, and a black precipitate falls through 

 the clear liquid and collects at the bottom of the tube. 

 T., Bottger's, for Dextrose. Take 5 gm. of basic 

 nitrate of bismuth, 5 gm. of tartaric acid, 30 c.c. of 

 distilled water. Add to this slowly a strong solution 

 of sodium hydrate, stirring continually until a clear 

 solution is obtained. To a small quantity of this add 

 some solution of dextrose, and boil. A black pre- 

 cipitate of metallic bismuth is formed. Or the test 

 may be performed in this way: add some solid bismuth 

 subnitrate to the liquid already rendered alkaline with 

 carbonate of soda or potash, and boil. The existence 

 of dextrose will be evinced by the darkening of the bis- 

 muth salt or a black precipitate. T., Bottger's, for 

 the Red Color of Wine. Add 1 volume of concen- 

 trated copper sulfate solution to 3 volumes of wine 

 diluted to ten times its volume. Pure red wine will be 

 discolored thereby. Unfermented wine, as well as the 

 coloring-matter of bilberry, malva, cherries, also fuch- 

 sin, remains unchanged or is colored violet. T., 

 Bottger's, for Sugar in Glycerin. Heat to boiling 

 5 drops of glycerin with 100 drops of water, 1 drop of 

 nitric acid, sp. gr. 1. 3, and 0.03 to 0.04 gm. am- 

 monium molybdate. In the presence of sugar the 

 solution is colored intensely blue. Bremer's Re- 

 action for Diabetic Blood. The blood is prepared 

 as in ordinary staining methods, and, after drying in a 

 hot-air sterilizer, stained with methylene-blue and 

 eosin. The red blood-corpuscles of diabetic blood are 

 stained greenish-yellow, whereas in normal blood they 

 assume a brownish color. T., Brun's, for uric acid 

 in minute particles. Examine the particle in mono- 

 bromid of naphthalin, the index of refraction of which 

 is 1.66. Compare this with indices of refraction of 

 uric acid, 1. 73; calcium oxalate, 1.60 ; calcium phos- 

 phate, 1.63. If on raising the tube of the microscope 

 the crystal becomes brilliant, the substance under the 

 microscope has a higher index than the fluid in which 

 it is immersed ; it becomes darker if the substance has 

 a lower index than the fluid. T., Bychowski's (Z.), 

 for Albumin. Put a drop or two of the urine into a 

 test-tube filled with hot water and shake it ; in the 

 presence of albumin a whitish cloud is formed and is 

 diffused through the liquid. Phosphates give the same 

 result, but the cloud disappears on addition of a drop 

 of acetic acid. Caffein. See Stenhonse. Capranica's 

 Reaction for Bile Pigments. Add to the solution 

 chloroform containing some bromin, and shake ; it 

 becomes first green, blue violet, yellowish-red, and 

 finally colorless. If the green or blue solution is 

 shaken with HO, the color is destroyed by the 

 acid. Carbon Monoxid. See Gautier, Hoppe- 

 Seyler, Preyer, Salkawski. Cholesterin. See Ober- 

 milller, Schultze. Cinchonidin. See Schafer. T., 

 Cliamician and Magnanini's, for SkatoL- Skatol 

 warmed with sulfuric acid produces a purple-red color. 

 Cocain. See Biel, Schttt. T., Cohen's, for Al- 

 bumin. To the acid solution of albumin add a 

 solution of potassium bismuthic iodid and potassium 

 iodid. The albumin and the alkaloid are precipitated. 

 Copper. See Sabatier, Sabatin. T. for Cotton- 

 seed Oil suggested by the Swiss Society of Analytical 

 Chemists. The reagent is made by dissolving in 5 

 c.c. of water I gin. of silver nitrate and adding 200 

 c.c. of alcohol, 20 c.c. of ether, and I c.c. of nitric 

 acid of sp. gr. 1.4. Mix 10 c.c. of the fat to be 

 tested with 3 c.c. of the reagent and heat on a boiling 

 water-bath for ten minutes. In the presence of cotton- 

 seed oil the mixture becomes brown or even black. 

 Creatinin. See Kerner, v. Maschke, Salko-vski. 

 T., Crystallographic, for Blood. The use of 

 sodium iodid as a reagent forming characteristic blood- 



crystals. Its use depends on the formation of iodin- 

 hematin. Cystein. See Andreasch. Cystin. See 

 Baumann and Goldmanti, Liebig, Milller. Dahlia 

 or Georgina Paper, paper charged with the coloring- 

 matter from the florets of Dahlia variabilis, Desf., 

 used in testing for alkalis and acids. T., Denige's, 

 for Formic Aldehyd in Milk. Make a solution of 40 

 c.c. of 0.5$ solution of fuchsin ; 250 c.c. distilled 

 water; 10 c.c. of sodium bisulfite, sp. gr. 1. 375 ; 10 

 c.c. pure sulfuric acid. To I c.c. of this solution 

 add 10 c.c. of the suspected milk and let it stand 5 

 minutes. Then add 2 c.c. of pure hydrochloric acid 

 and shake. In the presence of formic aldehyd a violet 

 color will appear ; a yellowish-white color in its ab- 

 sence. T., Denige's, for Uric Acid. Convert uric 

 acid into alloxan by the action of nitric acid ; expel 

 the excess of nitric acid by gemle heat, and treat with 

 a few drops of sulfuric acid and a few drops of com- 

 mercial benzol (containing thiophen); a blue colora- 

 tion will result. Dextrose. See Glucose. Diacetic 

 Acid. See Lipliawsky. Dietrich's Reaction for 

 Uric Acid. A red coloration results from the addition 

 of a solution of sodium hypochlorite or hypobromite to 

 the uric acid solution. The color vanishes on adding 

 caustic alkali. T., Dragendorff 's, for Bile Pig- 

 ments. Spread a few drops of the urine on an unglazed 

 porcelain surface, and after absorption has taken place, 

 add a drop or two of nitric acid. If bile be present, 

 several rings of color will be produced, the green ring, 

 which is characteristic of bile pigments, being chief 

 among them. T., Dumontpallier's, for Bile Pig- 

 ments. See Test, Smith's (Illus. Diet.). Dyestuffs 

 in Wine. See Arata, Botlger, Pradine, Schuster. 

 T., Eastes', for Sugar. Place 60 c.c. of filtered 

 urine in a beaker of 100 c.c. capacity, add I gm. of 

 sodium acetate, and a little less of phenylhydrazin 

 hydrochlorate. Stir with a glass rod, which is to re- 

 main in the beaker. Evaporate on a water-bath to 10 

 or 15 c.c, scraping the sediment from the sides of the 

 beaker, if it collects there ; cool, and examine under 

 the microscope. If there is 1 part to 1000 of sugar in 

 the urine, osazone crystals will be found. T., Eijk- 

 man's, for Phenol. Add to the phenol solution a 

 few drops of an alcoholic solution of nitrous acid, 

 ethyl ether, and an equal amount of concentrated sul- 

 furic acid. A red coloration is produced. Eiselt's 

 Reaction for Melanin in Urine. Concentrated nitric 

 acid, sulfuric acid, potassium dichromate or other 

 oxidizing agents render urine containing melanin 

 dark colored. T., Elliott's, for Sugar. Make re 

 agents: (1) Copper sulfate, c. p., 27 gr. ; glycerin, 

 c. p., 3 drams; distilled water, 2^ drams; liquor 

 potassa, q. s. ad 4 oz. ; (2) a saturated solution of 

 tartaric acid in water. Boil 1 dram of No. I and 

 add 3 drops of No. 2 ; drop by drop add 8 drops of 

 urine. T., Eisner's Typhoid. See under Typhoid. 

 Emetin. See Podwyssotzki. Eserin. See Saul. 

 Fats. See Allen, Barbot, Schdnvogel, Valenti. T., 

 Fieux's, for Antipyrin. Add 2.5 gm. of sodiimeta- 

 phosphoric acid and 12 drops of sulfuric acid to the 

 suspected fluid, filter, and to the clear filtrate add a 

 few drops of sodium nitrate. If antipyrin is present, 

 a clear green color will develop. Fleischl's Reac- 

 tion for Bile Pigments. Add concentrated sulfuric 

 acid by means of a pipet to urine already treated with 

 a concentrated solution of nitrate of soda. The sul- 

 furic acid sinks to the bottom of the test tube and pro- 

 duces color layers, as in Gmelin's test. Florence 

 Reaction. A test for the detection of semen. A so- 

 lution of potassium iodid 1. 65 gm., iodin 2.54 gm., 

 distilled water 20 c.c, is added to fresh semen or to a \ 

 watery extract of the stains, and then examined micro- 



