TEST 



532 



TEST 



to heat gently on a watch-glass with a drop or two of 

 chlorin or bromin water. A red residue is formed which, 

 when cold, turns a purple red when ammonia is added. 

 T., Johnson's, for Albumin in Urine. A concen- 

 trated solution of picric acid is poured upon the surface 

 of the urine in a test-tube. A ring of white precipitate 

 occurs at the junction of the two liquids; this increases 

 on heating. Peptones and albumoses are precipitated 

 by this reagent, but the precipitate redissolves on heat- 

 ing. T., Jolles', for Bile Pigments in Urine. Putin 

 a stopper cylinder 50 c.c. of urine, and add a few drops 

 of 10$ hydrochloric acid and an excess of a barium 

 chlorid solution with 5 c.c. chloroform, and shake for 

 several minutes. Then by means of a pipet remove 

 the chloroform and the precipitate, place in a test- 

 tube, and heat on the water-bath to about 8o° C. 

 When the chloroform has evaporated, decant the liquid 

 from the precipitate carefully and let 3 drops of con- 

 centrated sulfuric acid, containing one-third fuming 

 nitric acid, flow down the sides of the test-tube. If 

 bile pigments be present, the characteristic coloration 

 results. Jolles' Solution for the detection of albu- 

 min in the urine. Corrosive sublimate, 10 parts; 

 sodium chlorid, 10 parts; succinic acid, 20 parts; dis- 

 tilled water, 500 parts. T., Jorissen's, for Formic 

 Aldehyd in Milk. To several drops of a io<& aque- 

 ous solution of phloroglucinol add 10 c.c. of the sus- 

 pected milk in a test-tube, shake well, and add a few 

 drops of caustic soda (or caustic potash). In the pres- 

 ence of formic aldehyd a delicate red color appears. 

 T., Justus. See under Syphilis. T., Kentmann's, 

 for Formic Aldehyd. Dissolve in a test-tube 

 o. I gm. of morphin hydrochlorid in I c.c. of strong 

 sulfuric acid and add an equal volume of the solution 

 to be examined without mixing ; in the presence of 

 formic aldehyd the aqueous solution will be clear red 

 violet in color after the lapse of a few minutes. The 

 reaction is sensitive to I : 5000 to l : 6000. Ker- 

 ner's Reaction for Creatinin. Add to a solution 

 of creatinin acidified with a mineral acid a solution of 

 phosphotungstic or phosphomolybdic acid ; a crystal- 

 line precipitate will be formed. T., Robert's, for 

 Hemoglobin. Treat the solution with one of zinc 

 sulfate or shake it with zinc powder, when a precipi- 

 tate of zinc hemoglobin is formed. Alkalis color this 

 precipitate red. T., Kowarski's, for sugar in the 

 urine. Shake in a test-tube 5 drops of phenylhydra- 

 zin with 10 drops of strong acetic acid, add 1 c.c. of 

 saturated sodium chlorid solution and 2 c.c. or 3 c.c. 

 of urine, and heat for 2 minutes ; then cool slowly. 

 If the amount of sugar present is as high as 0.2%, 

 characteristic crystals will form in a few minutes ; if 

 less, the formation of crystals will require a longer 

 time — 5 to 30 minutes. T., Ladendorffs, for 

 Blood. Treat the liquid with tincture of guaiacum, 

 and then with oil of eucalyptus; in the presence of 

 blood the upper layer becomes violet and the lower 

 layer blue. T., Landolt's, for Phenol. Treat the 

 solution with bromin water ; a white crystalline pre- 

 cipitate of tribromphenol is produced. Lang's Re- 

 action for Taurin. A white combination appearing 

 as a precipitate occurs on boiling a solution of taurin 

 with freshly precipitated mercuric oxid. T., Leb- 

 bin's, for Formic Aldehyd. Boil a few c.c. of the 

 suspected milk with 0.05 gm. resorcinol, to which 

 half, or an equal volume, of a 50% solution of sodium 

 hydroxid is added. In the presence of formic aldehyd 

 the yellow solution changes to a fine red color, which 

 becomes more apparent on standing. T., Lieben's, 

 for Acetone in Urine, Modified by Ralfe. Dis- 

 solve 20 grains of potassium iodid in a dram of liquor 

 potassae, and boil ; then carefully float the urine on its 



surface in a test-tube. A precipitation of phosphates 

 occurs at the point of contact which, in the presence 

 of acetone, will become yellow and studded with yel- 

 low points of iodoform. T., Liebig's, for Cystin. 

 Boil the substance with caustic alkali containing lead 

 oxid. In the presence of cystin a precipitate of black 

 lead sulfid is formed. T., Lipliawsky, for diacetic 

 acid in the urine. Two solutions are needed : (a) a 



1 % solution of paramidoacetophenon with addition of 



2 c.c. of concentrated HC1 shaken thoroughly; (b) a 

 lfc aqueous solution of potassium nitrite; 6 c.c. of 

 the first is mixed with 3 c.c. of the second, an equal 

 volume of urine added, and a drop of ammonia. To 

 10 drops to 2 c.c. of this mixture add 1 5 to 20 c.c. of 

 concentrated HC1, 3 c.c. of chloroform, and 2 to 4 

 drops of iron chlorid solution. If the test-tube is 

 corked and gently but repeatedly inverted, in the 

 presence of diacetic acid the chloroform will show a 

 characteristic violet color — the deepness of the color 

 depending upon the amount present. Lowenthal's 

 Reaction, the agglutination of Spirochceta obermeieri, 

 Cohn, by the blood-serum of an individual affected 

 with relapsing fever. T., Lowenthal's, for Glu- 

 cose. A glucose solution boiled with a solution of 

 ferric chlorid, dissolved in tartaric acid and carbonate 

 of soda, becomes dark and deposits an abundant pre- 

 cipitate of iron oxid. This test is not applicable to 

 urine. T., Malerba's, for Acetone. Add to the 

 acetone a solution of dimethylparaphenylendiamin ; a 

 red coloration results. T., Mallein, the experimental 

 injection of the toxin (mallein) into the tissues of an 

 animal for the purpose of diagnosis in suspected cases 

 of glanders. T., Mandel's, for Proteids. Add to 

 the proteid solution a 5 % solution of chromic acid, 

 and a precipitate will be formed. T., Marme's. 

 Cadmium iodid is added to saturation to a boiling 

 concentrated solution of potassium iodid, and then 

 mixed with an equal quantity of cold saturated solution 

 of potassium iodid. It gives a whitish or yellowish 

 precipitate, with an alkaloid in a weak sulfuric solu- 

 tion, v. Maschke's Reaction for Creatinin. Add 

 a few drops of Fehling's solution to the creatinin dis- 

 solved in a cold saturated solution of carbonate of 

 soda. An amorphous, flocculent precipitate is formed 

 in the cold, but better on warming to 50 to 6o° C. 

 Mucin. See Salkowski-Leubes. T., Mulder's, for 

 Proteids. See Xanthoproteic Reaction in Table of 

 Tests (Illus. Diet.). T., Miiller's, for Cystin. Boil 

 the cystin with potassium hydrate, to dissolve it; when 

 cold, dilute with water and add a solution of sodium 

 nitroprussid. This produces a violet coloration which 

 changes rapidly to yellow. T., Mylius' Modifica- 

 tion of Pettenkofer's, for Bile Acids. Add 1 

 drop of furfurol solution and I c.c. of concentrated 

 sulfuric acid to each cubic centimeter of the alcoholic 

 solution of bile acids; cool, if necessary, so that the 

 test does not become too warm. A red coloration is 

 produced, which changes to bluish-violet in course of 

 the day. o-Naphthol. See Aymonier, Richardson, 

 N. Yellow. See Sch&fer. Narcein. See Arnold. 

 T., Nencki's, for Indol. Treat with nitric acid con- 

 taining nitrous acid; a red coloration results, and in 

 concentrated solution a red precipitate may form. T., 

 Nickel's Sugar, for distinguishing glucose from 

 cane-sugar ; add tetrachlorid of carbon to the BUgar 

 and heat it for some time to ioo° C. (21 2° 1 . . 

 Cane-sugar is turned black by the process and glucose 

 is not. T., Nitropropiol, for sugar in urine. Place 

 IO to 15 drops of urine in test-tube, add 10 c.c. 

 (n\ 160) distilled water and a nitropropiol tablet, and 

 heat 2 to 4 minutes. In the presence of sugar there is 

 first a green coloration, followed by an intensely blue 



