TEST 



534 



TEST 



cyanid solution (1:2). The spectrum of normal 

 blood, when treated as above, loses -the absorption line 

 of oxyhemoglobin and in its place shows a broad ab- 

 sorption band, while the spectrum of carbon monoxid 

 blood remains unchanged. Prollius' Solution for 

 extracting cinchona bark for the determination of alka- 

 loids. A mixture of 88 parts of ether, 8 parts abso- 

 lute alcohol, and 4 parts ammonia water. Protein. 

 See Ritthausen. T., Puscher's, for Alcohol in 

 Ethereal Oils. Introduce a few drops of the ethereal 

 oil into the bottom of a test-tube and dust the upper 

 portion of the tube with powdered fuchsin or introduce 

 the latter by means of a swab of cotton. On boiling, 

 the alcohol evaporates first and dissolves the fuchsin to 

 a red solution. T., Ramini's, for Formic Aldehyd. 

 Add I c.c of a 1% solution phenylhydrazin hydrochlo- 

 rate and 3 or 4 drops freshly prepared sodium-nitro- 

 prussiate solution to 15 c.c. liquid, then make alkaline 

 with concentrated NaOH, and warm ; if formic alde- 

 hyd is present, a marked blue color develops, changing 

 to deep red. Milk thus tested turns blue to ash-gray, 

 changing after 15 minutes to red. (Merck.) T., Ras- 

 mussen's, for Urobilin. Shake together thoroughly 

 equal parts of urine and ether to which has been added 

 six or seven drops of tincture of iodin. Allow it to stand 

 until the solution separates into an upper layer of ether 

 and iodin and a lower one of urine. In the presence of 

 bile the lower layer turns green if biliverdin also exists. 

 Raspail's Reaction for Albumins. These are colored 

 red by sugar and concentrated sulfuric acid. T., 

 Reach's, for testing the secretory functions of the stom- 

 ach without the use of the stomach-tube. It consists in 

 administration of capsules of barium iodid and bismuth 

 oxyiodid from which iodin is set free only through the 

 action of HC1 ; then test the sputum for iodin. If the 

 reaction occurs in 80 minutes, the individual is normal ; 

 earlier action indicates hyperacidity ; later occurrence, 

 hypoacidity. Reich's Reaction for Cane-sugar. 

 Solutions of cane-sugar when treated with cobalt nitrate 

 solution yield a violet coloration upon the addition of 

 soda lye. According to Dupont, this reaction is not 

 interfered with by glycerin, milk-sugar, glucose, or 

 invert sugar ; dextrin and gum should, however, be 

 removed by precipitation with lead acetate or baryta 

 water. T., Reichardt's, for Arsenic in the Urine. 

 Concentrate 200 c.c. of urine with about 2 gm. of 

 caustic soda, dissolve the residue in a little water 

 acidulated with hydrochloric acid, and then test in a 

 Marsh's apparatus. Reichert-Meissl's Number in- 

 dicates the number of cubic centimeters of decinormal 

 sodium or potassium hydroxid solution necessary to 

 neutralize the volatile fatty acids obtained from 5 gm. 

 of a fat, when operating according to a definite special 

 method. The Reichert numbers formerly in vogue 

 gave the figures for 2.5 gm. of fat, and are therefore 

 only half as large as • the Keichert-Meissl numbers. 

 T., Reichl's, for Proteids. To the proteid solution 

 add 2 or 3 drops of an alcoholic solution of benzal- 

 dehyd, and then considerable sulfuric acid previously 

 diluted with an equal bulk of water. Finally, add a 

 few drops of a ferric sulfate solution, and a deep blue 

 coloration will be produced in the cold after some time, 

 or at once on warming. Solid proteids are stained blue 

 by this reaction. Reichl-Mikosch's Reagent for 

 Albumins. Benzaldehvd and sulfuric acid contain- 

 ing ferric sulfate. T., Renard's, for Peanut-oil. 

 This depends upon the isolation of arachic acid 

 (melting-point 74°-75°), by means of the lead salt, 

 which can be separated from lead oleate by ex- 

 traction with ether. T., Reoch's, for Albumin. 

 See '/'., Moewilliamf ( Illus. Diet.). T., R.'s, 

 for HC1 in Contents of Stomach. On the ad- 



dition of a mixture of citrate of iron and quinin and 

 potassium sulfocyanid to the gastric juice or con- 

 tents of the stomach, containing free hydrochloric acid, 

 a red coloration will be produced. Resorcin. See 

 Bodde. T., Reuter's, for p-Amidophenetol in 

 Phenacetin. Melt the phenacetin with pure chloral 

 hydrate ; in the presence of amidophenetol a violet 

 coloration is produced (even the purest commercial 

 specimens exhibit a slight rose tint). Richardson's 

 Reaction for a-Naphthol. Dissolve 0.04 gm. of 

 naphthol and 0.5 c.c. of normal sodium hydroxid solu- 

 tion in 1 or 2 c.c. of water ; then add a mixture of 

 0.05 gm. sulfanilic acid dissolved in 5 c.c. of normal 

 sodium hydroxid solution, and 0.02 gm. of sodium 

 nitrite dissolved in 5 c - c - °f normal sulfuric acid. 

 Under these conditions a-naphthol yields a dark blood- 

 red color changing to brown on the addition of dilute 

 sulfuric acid ; /3-naphthol yields only a reddish-yellow 

 color. T., Ridenour's, for Salicylic Acid. H,0 2 

 in the presence of an ammoniacal solution of ammon- 

 ium carbonate affords a red varying in intensity accord- 

 ing to quantity of salicylic acid present. (Merck.) 

 T., Riegler's, for Albumin. (1) Asaprol (calcium 

 naphtholsulfonate), 8 ; citric acid, 8 ; dissolve in dis- 

 tilled water, 200 ; IO c.c. of urine are mixed with 10 

 to 20 drops of the reagent. Traces of albumin are 

 indicated by a turbidity ; larger quantities by a ppt. 

 Quantitative determination may be made with an al- 

 buminometer. (2) Ten gm. /3-naphthalinsulfonic acid 

 are well shaken with 200 c.c. water and filtered. A 

 turbidity or ppt. on adding 20 to 30 drops of reagent 

 to 5 to 6 c.c. of fluid indicates presence of albumin. 

 Sensitiveness 1 : 40,000. Albumosesand peptones react 

 in a similar manner, but the ppt. disappears on warming 

 and reappears on cooling. (Merck.) T., R.'s, for 

 Albumoses and Peptones. Dissolve 5 gm. para- 

 nitranilin in 25 c.c. water and 6 c.c. concentrated 

 H. J S0 4 , add too c.c. water, then a solution of sodi- 

 um nitrite 3 gm. in 25 c.c. water, and make up to 500 

 c.c. with water. Filter and preserve in the dark. 

 Mix 10 c.c. reagent with 10 c.c. fluid to be tested, 

 then add 30 drops \o c / c solution NaOH- if very small 

 quantities of albumoses or peptones are present a yellow- 

 ish orange color develops ; with notable quantities a 

 blood-red, even the froth on shaking being red. On 

 now adding excess of H,S0 4 an orange or brownish 

 ppt. forms. (Merck.) T., R.'s, for Aldehyds and 

 Glucose. Meat o. I gm. phenylhydrazin hydro- 

 chlorate; 0.5 gm. crystal sodium acetate, and I c.c. 

 sugar solution until dissolved. When near boiling- 

 point add 20 to 30 drops 10 ', NaOH without shak- 

 ing — in from a few seconds to 5 minutes, liquid be- 

 comes violet-red, even if not more than 0.C05J& sugar 

 present. If no sugar present, color will be a slight 

 pink. For sugar in urine, color must develop within 

 I minute to afford physiologic significance. Reaction 

 also occurs with aldehyds, hence absence of these 

 must be assured. According to Jolles, absence of 

 albumin must also be assured. Reaction uninfluenced 

 by uric acid, and creatinin. (Merck.) T., R.'s, for 

 Bile Pigments. On adding an excess of para di- 

 azonitranilin solution to an alkaline solution of bilirubin 

 or biliverdin, intensely colored reddish-violet flocks 

 are precipitated, soluble in chloroform, alcohol, or 

 benzin, and affording reddish-violet or violet solution. 

 (Merck.) T., R.'s, for Nitrites. (1) Fifteen c.c. 

 of the fluid to be examined are mixed in a test-tube 

 with 0.02 to 0.03 gm. of the naphthol reagent (equal 

 parts naphthionic acid and pure beta-naphthol) and 2 to 

 3 drops concentrated 11(1, shaken, and 1 c.c. strong 

 NH S poured down the side of the tube, while held in 

 a slanting position ; presence of nitrites is indicated by 



