TEST 



537 



TEST 



bilirubin in large quantity. T., Schlickum's, for 

 Arsenic. Make a solution of 0.02 gm. of sodium 

 sulfate and 0.4 gin. of stannous chlorid in 3 to 4 gm. 

 of concentrated hydrochloric acid and overlay it with 

 the suspected solution ; in the presence of arsenic a 

 yellow zone will appear. Schlossberger's Reagent 

 for Distinguishing Textile Fibers. This consists 

 of a concentrated solution of freshly precipitated (still 

 moist) nickelous hydroxid in ammonia. This solution 

 dissolves silk, but neither wool nor cotton. T., 

 Schmidt's, for Bilirubin and Urobilin in Feces. A 

 small portion of the stool is thoroughly mixed with a 

 strong solution of mercuric chlorid. After a time, 

 varying from one quarter of an hour to several hours, 

 the presence of hydrobilirubin is shown by the mixture 

 becoming pink, while the bilirubin is green. A little is 

 placed upon the slide and examined microscopically. 

 If any unaltered bile is present, minute particles of 

 greenish bile-stained mucus, epithelial cells, and muscle- 

 ribers stained with bile may be seen. [Hemmeter.] 

 Schmidt's Nitric Acid Reaction. Mix the solu- 

 tion to be tested with an equal volume of a solution 

 of 20 drops of anilin and 10 gm. of dilute sulfuric 

 acid in 90 gm. of water, and pour this mixture in a 

 layer upon concentrated sulfuric acid. In the presence 

 of nitric acid, a light to dark-red zone will appear. 

 Schmitt's Test for Saccharin in Liquids. The 

 strongly acidulated liquid is shaken out three times 

 with a mixture of equal volumes of ether and petro- 

 leum ether, these extracts treated with caustic soda 

 solution, evaporated to dryness, and the residue heated 

 for half an hour to 250° C. The solid mass is then 

 dissolved in water, acidulated with sulfuric acid, and 

 shaken out with ether. The saccharin, if present, 

 will be found in the ethereal extract as salicylic acid, 

 which after evaporation of the ether can be identified 

 by means of ferric chlorid. T., Schneider's, for 

 Arsenic. Separate as arsenous chlorid any arsenic 

 that may be present in the suspected substance, by dis- 

 tillation with hydrochloric acid and ferric chlorid and 

 then identify by Marsh's test. T., Schneider's, for 

 Foreign Oils from Cruciferte) in olive oil. Dis- 

 solve the oil in two parts of ether and add 5 c - c - °f a 

 saturated alcoholic silver nitrate solution and allow the 

 mixture to stand for 12 hours in a dark place. In the 

 presence of any oils containing sulfur the mixture will 

 be darkened. T., Schneider's, for Potassium 

 Cyanate in Potassium Cyanid, depends upon the 

 formation of the sky blue cobalt cyanate. From the 

 highly concentrated potassium cyanid solution, the 

 hydrocyanic acid is removed by means of carbonic 

 acid, the potassium carbonate removed by the addition 

 of alcohol, and the filtrate tested with cobalt acetate 

 solution. Schonbein's Test-paper for Ozone. 

 Filter-paper saturated with potassium iodid starch- 

 paste ( 10 parts starch, 200 parts water, I part potas- 

 sium iodid ) . This paper turns blue in an atmosphere 

 containing ozone. T., Schonvogel's, for Foreign 

 Fats in Butter. Shake together 6 c.c. of a saturated 

 borax solution and 5 drops of butter, at room-tempera- 

 ture or warm to the melting-point of the fat. Butter, 

 beef-tallow, Provence oil, and mutton tallow are said 

 not to emulsify when so treated ; all other fats do. 

 Schonvogel's Reaction for distinguishing ani- 

 mal from vegetable oils. Upon shaking with a 

 concentrated borax solution, the latter, olive oil ex- 

 cepted, are said to form emulsions, while the former 

 separate out sharply upon standing. N. Schoorl's 

 Microchemic Reaction for Atropin. A little of 

 the alkaloid or alkaloidal salt is placed on the object- 

 glass, touched with a drop of 30"/ soda-lye, and 

 slightly heated. As soon as the alkaloid has melted 



to an oily drop, it is thoroughly mixed with the lye by 

 stirring with a platinum wire. Heat again and allow 

 the alkaline vapor evolved to condense on an object- 

 glass held over it, add to the condensate a small drop 

 of hydrochloric acid, and allow to crystallize while 

 rubbing with a platinum wire until dry. The residue 

 is dissolved in a very little water and a particle of 

 potassium iodid added, when the hydriodid may be 

 immediately observed to deposit in the form of sharply- 

 defined needles and rhomboids. Schott's White- 

 lead Paper. Polka paper, a sized paper, coated with 

 white-lead, used as an external indicator in titrating 

 solutions of metallic salts with sodium sulfid. T., 

 Schroder's, for Urea. Add to the urea crystal a so- 

 lution of bromin in chloroform. The urea will de- 

 compose, with the formation of gas. T., Schro- 

 der's, for Acetanilid in Phenacetin. Boil 0.5 gm. 

 of phenacetin with 6 to 8 c.c. of water; when cool, 

 filter out the crystallized phenacetin and add to the 

 filtrate potassium nitrite and dilute nitric acid and 

 boil; add a few drops of Plugge's reagent and boil 

 again. In the presence of acetanilid a red coloration 

 is produced .Schuchardt's Reagent. Concentrated 

 tropoeolin solution used for the detection of hydrochloric 

 acid in the gastric juice. T., Schultze's, for Cho- 

 lesterin. Evaporate to dryness with nitric acid, using 

 a porcelain dish on the water-bath. In the presence of 

 cholesterin a yellow residue is obtained, which changes 

 to yellowish -red on the addition of ammonia. T., S.'s, for 

 Proteids. To a solution of the proteid add a few drops 

 of a dilute cane-sugar solution and then concentrated 

 sulfuric acid. On wanning and keeping the temper- 

 ature at 6o° C, a beautiful bluish-red color is produced. 

 Schultze's Furfurol Reaction for Albumins. On 

 the addition of a trace of sugar to a solution of albu- 

 mins in moderately concentrated sulfuric acid and 

 heating to 6o° C. a beautiful bluish-ved coloration ap- 

 pears. Schumpelitz's Reaction for Veratrin. Upon 

 evaporating to dryness with veratrin a few drops of a 

 solution of fused zinc chlorid in dilute hydrochloric 

 acid, a red color results. T., Schuster's, for Color- 

 ing-matter in Beer. Pure beer is said to be decolor- 

 ized by tannin solutions, while the color produced by 

 caramel is not destroyed under these conditions. 

 Schwarz's Sulphonal Reaction. The odor of mer- 

 captan is developed upon heating sulphonal with char- 

 coal. Schwarzenbach-Delf 's Alkaloid Reaction. 

 See T., Schuarzenberg' s (Illus. Diet.). Schweiss- 

 inger's Reagent for Alkalis. A solution of equal 

 parts of iodin and tannin in absolute alcohol. Even 

 in very dilute aqueous solutions of alkalis (also car- 

 bonates) this reagent produces a red coloration. 

 Schweitzer's Reagent for Identifying Soaps in 

 Lubricating Oils. A saturated solution of meta- 

 phosphoric acid in absolute alcohol. In the presence 

 of soap the ethereal solution of the oil yields a white 

 precipitate when treated with this reagent. T., See- 

 gen's, for Grape Sugar. See 7'.. Trommer 3 s (Illus. 

 Diet/. T., Selmi's, for Blood. Extract the (blood- 

 stained) object to be tested with ammonia, precipitate 

 the filtrate with sodium tungstate and acetic acid, then 

 wash the precipitate and treat it with a mixture of one 

 volume of ammonia and eight volumes of absolute 

 alcohol ; filter, remove the alcohol by evaporation, and 

 treat the residue with sodium chlorid and acetic acid. 

 If blood be present, hemin crystals may be found by 

 microscopic examination. T. for Sewer Gas. "Satu- 

 rate a piece of unglazed paper with a solution of ace- 

 tate of lead in rain or boiled water, in the proportion 

 of I to 8 ; allow the paper to dry and hang up in the 

 room where the escape of sewer gas is suspected ; if 

 sewer gas is present, the paper will be completely 



