TEST 



538 



TEST 



blackened" [Price]. Silbermann's Reaction for 

 Albumin. Albumin freed from fats yields a violet 

 coloration when heated with fuming hydrochloric acid. 

 Skatol. See Cliamician and Magnanini. Skraup's 

 Reaction for Thallin. On the treatment of this 

 substance with oxidizing agents, as chromic acid, 

 bromin, iodin, mercuric nitrate, or ferric chlorid, an 

 emerald-green color results. T., Smoke, for Plumb- 

 ing. " By means of bellows, or some smoke-produc- 

 ing rocket, smoke is forced into the system of pipes, 

 the ends plugged up, and the escape of the smoke 

 watched for, as wherever there are defects in the pipes 

 the smoke willappear" [Price]. Soap. See Schweitzer. 

 T., Souchere's, for Peanut Oil. Dissolve in boil- 

 ing alcohol the free fatty acids separated from the sus- 

 pected oil. In the presence of peanut oil arachic acid 

 separates out upon cooling in characteristic shining 

 crystals. T., Spectroscopic, for Blood in Feces. 

 The hematin is extracted with ether and a little acetic 

 acid. This extract is examined for a dark stripe in the 

 red portion of the spectrum, between Frauenhofer' s 

 lines, C and D. T., Spicca's, for Salicylic Acid 

 in Wine. Extract the wine with ether; warm the 

 residue left after evaporation of the ether with con- 

 centrated nitric acid, then add ammonia in excess. In 

 the presence of salicylic acid it will be converted into 

 picric acid ; this can be identified by the yellow color 

 which a woolen fiber assumes when dipped into the 

 solution. T., Stas-Otto's Extraction, for Alka- 

 loids. The alkaloids are divided into .three groups 

 depending upon their property ( I ) of being taken up 

 by ether from acid solutions ; (2) of being taken up 

 by ether from alkaline solutions ; (3) of not being 

 taken up by ether under either conditions. Sten- 

 house's Reaction for Caffein. Heat the caffein for 

 a few minutes with fuming nitric acid ; evaporate the 

 yellow solution to dryness. On moistening the resi- 

 due with ammonia water a purple coloration results, 

 similar to that of murexid, but which disappears on 

 the addition of caustic potash (while the murexid 

 color is thereby changed to blue). Stokes' Reagent 

 for Reducing Oxyhemoglobin. Add some citric 

 or tartaric acid to a solution of ferrous sulfate and 

 ammonia enough to make it alkaline. T., Stokvis', 

 for Bile Pigments. To 20-30 c.c. of urine add 5-10 

 c.c. of a zinc acetate solution (1 : 5). # Wash the pre- 

 cipitate on a small filter with water, and dissolve in a 

 little ammonia. When filtered, the filtrate will give, 

 after standing in the air, a brownish-green color, and 

 show the absorption bands of bilicyanin, one between 

 C and D, the second at D, and the third between D 

 and E. T., Storch's, for Rosin Oil in Oil Mix- 

 tures. Shake I to 2 c.c. of the oil with 1 c.c. of 

 acetic anhydrid; allow it to stand, then separate the 

 acetic anhydrid by means of a pipet, and treat with a 

 drop of concentrated sulfuric acid (Morawski recom- 

 mends instead of concentrated sulfuric acid that having 

 a sp. gr. of 1-53)- In the presence of rosin oil a violet- 

 red color appears. T., Struve's, for Blood in 

 Urine. To the urine, previously treated with am- 

 monia or caustic potash, add tannin and acetic acid 

 until the mixture lias an acid reaction. In the pres- 

 ence of blood a dark precipitate is formed. When 

 this is filtered and dried, the hemin crystals may be 

 obtained from the dry residue by adding chlorid of 

 ammonia and glacial acetic acid. Sulfocyanates. 

 See Urgent. Sulphonal. See Ritsert, Schwarz. T., 

 Szabo's, for Hydrochloric Acid in Contents of 

 Stomach. Mix together equal parts of 0.5 per cent, 

 solutions of ammonium sulfocyanid and sodic-ferric 

 tartrate. This makes a pale yellow liquid, which 

 changes to brownish-red on the addition of a solution 



containing HC1. Tannin. See Sau/. Textile Fibers. 

 See Persoz, Schlossberger. Thallin. See Skraup. 

 T., Thenard's, for Aluminium Compounds. 

 Aluminium oxid ( separated from compounds by igniting 

 on charcoal, with the addition of sodium carbonates 

 if necessary) yields Thenard's blue upon igniting with 

 cobalt salts. T., Thompson's, the collection of the 

 morning urine in two glasses to determine whether 

 the gonorrheal process is localized in the anterior por- 

 tion of the urethra, or whether it has extended into 

 the posterior portion. Tin. See Roger. Tocher's 

 Modification of Baudouin's Reaction for Benne 

 Oil. Dissolve 2 gm. of pyrogallol in 30 c.c. of hy- 

 drochloric acid, specific gravity 1. 19; shake 15 gm. 

 of this solution with an equal volume of oil. Allow 

 it to stand until two layers form; then remove the 

 acid solution by means of a pipet and warm for 5 

 minutes. In the presence of oil of benne a bluish 

 coloration appears. T., Tretrop's, for Albumin in 

 Urine. Pour or 5 c - c - °f fresh urine are heated 

 in a test-tube nearly to boiling-point, and a few 

 drops of Ap% formalin are added after it is removed 

 from the flame. If there is any albumin in the 

 urine, it coagulates like the white of an egg, and ac- 

 cumulates on the surface of the urine and also settles 

 on the walls of the tube. After pouring off the fluid, 

 the proportion of albumin can be determined by 

 weighing or by the size of the coagulum left. Tro- 

 tarelli's Reaction for Alkaloids. On evaporation 

 with concentrated nitric acid, and subsequent treat- 

 ment of the residue with alcoholic potash solution, 

 various alkaloids give characteristic color reactions. 

 Tscheppe's Reaction for Alcohol. Overlay the 

 liquor to be tested with 70% nitric acid. In the pres- 

 ence of alcohol a green color will appear at the line of 

 contact ; after some time bubbles of gas will appear 

 and the odor of ethyl nitrite become apparent. 

 Tuchen's Reaction for Ethereal Oils. Fulminatioo 

 occurs with many ethereal oils if 4 to 6 drops are brought 

 in contact with 0.1 gm. of iodin. T., Udransky-Bau- 

 mann's, for Polyacid Alcohols (glycerin, carbohy- 

 drates) depends upon Baumann's reaction with benzoyl 

 chlorid and sodium hydroxid. Diamins also give this 

 reaction, therefore the presence of the first-men- 

 tioned compounds must first be confirmed by means 

 of the furfurol reaction. Urea. See Biuret, Schroe- 

 der. Urgens' Reaction for Sulfocyanates in Sa- 

 liva. To the collected saliva is added a saturated 

 solution of hydriodic acid 1 part and starch paste 

 5 parts; if the sulfocyanates are present, a blue tint 

 appears. The sulfocyanates of potassium or sodium, 

 normally present in the saliva, are usually absent in 

 chronic suppurative conditions of the middle ear, and 

 the progress of the disease can be estimated by the 

 presence and extent of the reaction. Uric Acid. 

 See Brun, Denige, Dietrich, Jaksch, Riegler. T., 

 Valenta's, for Fats. Mix thoroughly in a test-tube 

 equal volumes of fat and glacial acetic acid sp. gr. 

 I.0562 ; apply heat if the oil does not dissolve in the 

 cold. Three classes of oils are distinguished, according 

 as solution takes place at ordinary temperatures, at tem- 

 peratures up to the boiling-point of glacial acetic acid, 

 or whether even then solution is incomplete. In the 

 case of oils dissolving upon application of heat, the 

 temperature is observed at which upon cooling turbidity 

 appears. Valentine's Reaction for Fuchsin. Upon 

 snaking ether with a solution containing fuchsin. the 

 ether does not dissolve the coloring-matter, but upon 

 adding ferrous iodid the ether is colored violet. Vera- 

 trin. See Schumpelitz. Villavecchia and Fabri's 

 Modification of Baudouin's Test for Benne Oil. 

 Make a solution of 2 gm. furfurol in 100 c.c. of alco- 



