CLASS II. AYES: ORDER 3. SCANSORES. 



213 



is a constant visitor to the cherry-trees. For some unknown cause it is less al.undant than for- 

 merly in the Eastern and Middle States. 



THE GOLDEN-WINGED WOODPECKER. 



The Golden-winged Woodpecker, P. auratus — the Cohptcs auratus of Swainson, is a splen- 

 did bird, twelve inches long; upper parts brown, spotted with black; a red spot on the head; 

 under side of the wings salmon color; of the tail saffron; belly white, spotted with black; food, 

 wood-lice, ants, larvae, cherries, grapes, berries, corn in the milk, &c. They build their nests in 

 holes in the trees, which they dig out with astonishing celerity; they have been known to exca- 

 vate a winding passage through solid oak fifteen inches deep. When at work the strokes of their 

 bill resound through the woods like the hammer of a carpenter. The eggs are about six, and 

 pure white. When the brood take wing, they are exceedingly playful and noisy as they range 

 trom tree to tree in the forests or orchards. This, bird goes by the various names of Picjeon- 

 Woodjjccker, Wahe-up, H'ujh-Hole, Flicker, and Ytickcr ; in Xew York it is called Clcqw^nwd by 

 the French in Louisiana, Pique-bois jaunc. Found in Eastern North America. Another and 

 similar species is the Red-siiafted Flicker, Colaptes 3fexicanus, found in Western North America. 



The Crested Woodpecker, P. pileatus — Hylatomus 2)ilcatus of Linnasus — is eighteen inches 

 long, and is sometimes called Log- Cock and Wood-Cock in New York; ranges from Mexico to 

 60 north. The Ivorv-billed Woodpecker, P. principalis — Campephilus principalis of Linnaeus 

 — is a powerful and splendid species, twenty inches long; found in the Carolinas and southward. 

 Other species are as follows, according to the Museum Catalogue of the Smithsonian Institution : 

 the Imperial Woodpecker, Campephilus imp)eriaUs ;, chiefly in Central America and South- 

 western Mexico. The Hairy Woodpecker, P. villosus, Northern and Western Regions : three 

 varieties of this — major, medius, minor. Harris's Woodpecker, P. Jlarrisii, from Pacific 

 to eastern slope of Rocky Mountains. Downy Woodpecker, P. pubcscens ; Eastern United 

 States, toward the Rocky Mountains. Gairdner's Woodpecker, P. Gairdneri ; from Pacific to 

 eastern base of Rocky Mountains. Nuttall's Woodpecker, P. NutialU ; coast of California. 

 P. scalaris ; Rocky Mountains, south of 35°, to Yucatan. Red-cockaded Woodpecker, P. hore- 

 alis ; Southern States. White-headed Woodpecker, P. albolarvatus ; Oregon and California.. 

 Black-backed Three-toed AYoodpecker, Picoides Arcticus ; northern portions of United. 

 States, to the Arctic Regions. Banded Three-toed Woodpecker, P. hirsutus ; Arctic Regions 

 of North America. Striped Three-toed AYoodpecker, P. dorsalis ; Rocky Mountains. Yel- 



