4SG VERTEBRATA. 



taiiii'.l ill Europe* TIk' stocking of barren or inipovcrislud rivers, lakes, and ponds by fishes 

 urtitifiallv liatelied. niav be considered as not only a possibility in tliis country, but as a means 

 of easy and certain siippiv, denumding the attention of patriots and statesmen. 



We cannot here enter into an account of the various methods adopted for the breedino; of 

 tislies, but must refer the reader to the work on this subject by AV. II. Fry, Escj., published by 

 Appleton S: Co., 1854, and the still more recent publication by Dr. Garlick, of Cleveland, 

 Ohio. We may state, however, that the new art of propagation has been successfully applied in 

 Europe to the production of salmon, trout, shad, pike, carp, bream, barbel, tench, and perch, and 

 in this country to several of these species. It is ascertained that all these fishes, filled with roc, and 

 ne:ir their spawnincT-time, may be transported for hundreds of miles; the eggs of the female may 

 he presseil out bv the hand, and the milt, extracted in the same manner, strewn over them ; thus 

 prepared, they may be put in artificial or natural enclosures, with beds of gravel, and left to be 

 iiatched. The particular devices employed are various, but they are all simple. Some of the 

 establishments in Enu;land and France are on a large scale, and the product is truly astonishing.f 



• In tbc Transactions of the American Institute of the City of New Tork, for 1S57, p. 439, will be found an iuter- 

 estinij and instructive essay, by Mr. Pell, on American fishes and fish-breeding, by which it appears that he has met 

 xvitii the most entire success in the artilicial breeding of various species. The experiments of Dr. Garlick and Pro- 

 fessor Ackley have been chieily made on the fishes of Lake Erie and the vicinity. Their method of proceeding appears 

 to be alike practical and successful. They seem specially to note the following fishes as suitable for artificial prop- 

 ugatiou: the Bl.vck B.vss, Gnjstfs nigricans of Agassiz, or Centrarchus fasciatns of De Kay; the LARGE-MOUTHEr 

 Uas-s, G. mfijastoma ; the TTniTi: B.vss on. VriiiTi: Peucii, Lahrax multilineatus; the Grass Bass, Centrarchushexacanthus : 

 Rock Bass, C. cenem ; and the C.nnmoii Piclercl, Yellow Perch, Su/i-FisTi, and Common Eel. 



t We find the following ia the papers, April, 13 J9 : 



" A remarkable account has been lately given by Dr. Cloquet to the Paris Societe d' Acclimation, of the results of 

 an attempt to keep salmon in fresh-water ponds having no communication with the sea. The experiment was made 

 near St. Cloud, where JI. Coste has successfully carried on piscicultural operations on a very extensive scale. The 

 pond chosen for the experiment in question is of small extent, and is supplied by a small stream of fresh water, 

 sufficient to form a cascade. Three years ago the pond was entirely emptied and cleaned out. In April and May. 

 1S.55, several thousand salmon, only two months old, were- placed in the pond with trout, and, notwithstanding the 

 voracious nature of the latter fish, the salmon have prospered so well that a faw weeks ago, in the presence of the 

 emperor, who takes great interest in the artilicial propagation of fish, no less than four hundred pounds' weight 

 of salmon was caught by one haul of a net. This result is very surprising, but M. Coste states that he was far more 

 astonished to find that the female salmon were full of eggs ! He adds that he saw several eggs so hisjhly developed 

 that they were on the point of being emitted. These results, which bear the stamp of high authenticity, prove that 

 salmon may be produced and reared in fresh-water ponds under similar circumstances to those by which trout are 

 now so successfully multiplied in various waters around Paris." 



