HOW WOtTNFDS HEAL 



123 



FIG. 80 CROSS SECTION O.- 

 PINE SCANTLING 



Notice oblique erain of wood ; n 

 lower knot and the bark which the 

 trunk has tried to cover. Also 

 notice the grain in the main stem 

 bent out of shape by knots above 

 and below. Compare Fig. 81. 



FIG. 81 



DEAD LIMBS BEING BURIED 

 The lower limb has been cut 

 more obliquely than the upper. 

 The trunk, is making a desperate 

 attempt to cover the stub, but the 

 dead bark in Fig. 80 (a cross sec- 

 tion) shows how poorly it is suc- 

 ceeding. 



and dense that the trees are 

 often said to be "hark hound." 

 Good cultivation, fertilizing, 

 pruning and cultural care 

 may or may not promote ex- 

 pansion and rupture of the hark and consequent good health. 

 Where these methods fail fruit growers may effect a change 

 for the better by softening the hark with washes of lye or 

 soap, or by slitting. This latter process consists in cutting 



