FLORA OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 133 



adherent to the calyx- tube only at the base, a little above which it is 

 tardily dehiscent. Placentae 8. Seeds smooth, shining, or minutely 

 areolate under a powerful lens. 



Waimea, Hawaii. Sandy isthmus of Maul. Lanai, on the dry southern part especially. 



P. OLERACEA Linn. Prostrate, very smooth; leaves obovate or 

 wedge form ; flowers sessile (opening only in sunny mornings) ; sepals 

 keeled; petals pale yellow; stamens 7 -12; style deeply 5 - 6-partecl ; 

 flower-bud flat and acute. 



Introduced and becoming common in cultivated and waste grounds. 



ORDER XI. GUTTIFEK.E. 



Tropical trees or shrubs, with a yellow resinous juice and opposite 

 and entire coriaceous feather- veined leaves ; the regular flowers hypo- 

 gynous, with the sepals and petals much alike and both imbricated in 

 aestivation, the many stamens more or less united at the base with each 

 other, and with the base of the petals. Fruit a capsule opening by 

 valves, or a drupe or berry. To this order belongs the tree which 

 yields Gamboge, and another allied tree produces the Mangosteen. 



1. CALOPHYLLUM Linn. [Kamanu.] 



Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Sepals 2-4. Petals 4, 

 rarely 2, 6, or 8. Stamens numerous, free or united into several bun- 

 dles at the base. Ovary 1-celled, with a single erect ovule. Style 

 filiform. Stigma peltate. Fruit a drupe. Trees. Leaves elegantly 

 striate, with numerous parallel transverse veins. Flowers in terminal 

 or axillary short racemes, sometimes branching into panicles. 

 A tropical genus of several species, mostly Asiatic ; a few in America. 



1. C. INOPHYLLUM Linn. (Enum. No. 40.) A large and beautiful 

 tree, glabrous throughout. Leaves broadly oblong-obovate or oblong, 

 often acute at the base, and rounded or even retuse at the apex, 6' more 

 or less long, petioled. Racemes axillary, loosely many-flowered, 

 shorter than the leaves. Flowers rather long peduncled, subglobose 

 in the bud, !' in diameter when open, white sepals 4, the inner ones 

 petaloid. Petals 4 (or rarely 6-8), longer than the calyx. Fruit glo- 

 bose, an inch or more in diameter. 



The only trees known to be growing on the Islands at the time of the first white set- 

 tlers, are said to be those of a fine groove on Molokai, which were afterwards mostly (and 

 most ruthlessly) cut down for ship-building, and a few other scattered ones. Native In 

 many of the Pacific Islands, and hi the East Indies. 



