MANN, FLORA OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 161 



IX. Flora of the Haivaiiam, Islands, 



BY HORACE MANN. 

 ^Continued from page 144.] 



Petals 5, convolute in aestivation. Stamens as many, or twice or 

 thrice as many as the petals (or in one group 8). A diversified order 

 including several well-defined tribes, of which those represented with 

 us are distinguished as follows : 



GERANIE/E. Flowers regular, or nearly so. Five glands alternate 

 with the petals. Stamens equal in number, or 2 - 3 times as many as 

 the petals. Ovary of five 2-ovulecl carpels, attached to the base of an 

 elongated axis, to which the styles cohere. In fruit the distinct one- 

 seeded carpels separate from the axis, by the curling back of the per- 

 sistent indurated style from the base upwards. Embryo filling the 

 seed (no albumen). Largely represented in gardens by the so-called 

 Geraniums which belong to the Cape of Good Hope genus Pelargonium, 

 which has slightly irregular flowers, 



TROPJEOLE^E. Flowers very irregular. The lower sepal spurred. 

 The two upper petals remote from the 3 lower, which are stalked. 

 Stamens 8. Leaves peltate. Only represented with us by the genus 

 Tropceolum, or the Garden Nasturtium of South America, in cultiva- 

 tion. 



OXAIJDE^E. Flowers regular. Glands none. Stigmas capitate 

 Ovary forming in fruit a flvc-lobed and five-celled and many-seeded 

 capsule. Leaves compound. 



1. GERANIUM Linn. 



Flowers regular. Sepals 5. Petals 5, hypogynous. Glands 5, al- 

 ternate with the petals. Stamens 10, all anther-bearing or very rarely 

 5 without anthers, free or connate at the base. Ovary 5-celled, beaked, 

 the beak split into 5 styles with longitudinally stigmatic apexes. 

 Ovules 2 in each cell. Lobes of the capsule 1-seeded, septifragally 

 dehiscent from the placentiferous axis, the end elastically rolling up 

 from base to apex. Seeds without albumen : embryo with the radicle 

 induplicately folded into the cotyledons, or incumbent upon them. 

 Herbs, rarely shrubs (in one case a small tree). Branches swollen at 

 the nodes. Leaves opposite or alternate, stipulate, toothed or palmate, 

 or rarely pinnately lobed and cut. Peduncles axillary, 1-2-rarely 

 many-flowered. 



Subgenus, NEUKOPHYLLODES : peduncles often many-flowered ; sta- 

 mens wholly or nearly separate ; leaves all alternate, ovate-cuneate, 

 and nervose. A remarkable group of plants, peculiar to the Hawaiian 

 Islands, all shrubby, and one a small tree. They are distinguished 



COMMUNICATIONS ESSEX INST., VOL. V. 22 SEPT., 1867. 



