FOR SCOURING WOOL. 9 



about two minutes, gave a result in clean wool of 39 T 9 ^ 

 per cent. These tests were made with especial care to 

 get an average of the fleece for each style of scour, to 

 give the soda scour 130 to 135 of heat, giving each 

 about the same amount of liquor per pound of wool ; and giv- 

 ing the Toppan process from 120 to 130 of heat, the average 

 being 120, which was found to give most satisfactory results. 

 In every case, after the two and a half minute or five minute 

 scour by the Toppan process, the yellow buck fleece came out 

 far handsomer and cleaner than by the soda scour, even at 

 thirty minutes. The yellow tinge was also bleached out, 

 which was not the case when cleaned with soda." 



The old scour yielded about 30 per cent clean wool. 

 The Toppan yielded less than 40 per cent clean wool, an 

 increase of not far from one third in quantity. 



" After this a number of experiments were made in washing 

 a yellow buck fleece estimated to shrink about 69 per cent ; 

 also with an Australian merino fleece estimated to shrink 

 about 45 per cent by former methods. 



" The Australian fleece by the soda process gave 53^ 

 per cent clean wool ; scoured by the Toppan process, it gave 

 6iy per cent clean wool, a gain on the gross weight of 7^ per 

 cent in clean wool or of the net clean wool, a gain of over 

 13 per cent in actual clean wool. 



" Regarding the time for washing of Australian fleece, also 

 the yellow buck fleece, we give the following tabulated state- 

 ments, and have samples in our Boston office which show 

 exactly the results produced. 



" We have one sample each, scoured in the following man- 

 ner, with the scour bath made up, as stated, one half ounce 

 of Toppan compound to the gallon of water : 



AUSTRALIAN FLEECE. 

 Time. Heat. Result. 



5m. 130 Very clean and white. 



2m. 135 Extremely clean and white. 



ijm. 123 Handsomer than zom. soda scour. 



icm. 100 Handsomer than 2om. soda scour. 



YELLOW BUCK FLEECE. 

 Time. Heat. Result. 



2Jm. 135 Very handsome. 



5m. 130 Very handsome. 



4^m. in Good. 



i5m. 100 Handsome. 



ESSEX INST. BULLETIN, VOL. XVIII. 2 



