xxii CONTENTS 



PAGE 



II. ORDER LONGIPENNES: LONG-WINGED SWIMMERS . 150 



4. Family Stercorariidse : Jaegers and Skuas . 150 



5. Family Laridse: Gulls and Terns . . .152 



6. Family Rynchopidse: Skimmers . . . 172 



III. ORDER TUBINARES: TUBE-NOSED SWIMMERS . . 172 



7. Family Diomedeidae: Albatrosses . . .172 



8. Family Procellariidse : Fulmars, Shearwaters, and 



Petrels 173 



IV. ORDER STEGANOPODES: TOTIPALMATE SWIMMERS . 178 



9. Family Phaethontidae: Tropic-birds . . .178 



10. Family Sulidse: Gannets . . . .179 



11. Family Anhingidse: Darters .... 181 



12. Family Phalacrocoracidse : Cormorants . . 182 

 13.' Family Pelecanidse: Pelicans . . . 183 



14. Family Fregatidae: Man-o'-war-birds . . 185 



V. ORDER ANSERES: LAMELLIROSTRAL SWIMMERS . . 186 



15. Family Anatidse: Ducks, Geese, and Swans f 186 



VI. ORDER ODONTOGLOSS^E : LAMELLIROSTRAL GRALLATORES 216 



16. Family Phcenicopteridae : Flamingoes . . 216 



VII. ORDER HERODIONES: HERONS', STORKS, IBISES, ETC. , 217 



17. Family Plataleidse: Spoonbills . . .217 



18. Family Ibididse: Ibises 218 



19. Family Ciconiidse: Storks . . . .219 



20. Family Ardeidae: Herons and Bitterns . .219 



VIII. ORDER PALUDICOL^: CRANES, RAILS, ETC. . . 229 



21. Family Gruidae: Cranes 229 



22. Family Aramidse: Courlans .... 230 



23. Family Rallidse: Rails, Gallinules, and Coots . 230 



IX. ORDER LIMICOL^E: SHORE BIRDS .... 238 



24. Family Phalaropodidse : Phalaropes . . . 239 



25. Family Recurvirostridae : Stilts and Avocets . 241 



26. Family Scolopacidse : Snipes, Sandpipers, etc. . 242 



27. Family Charadriidse : Plovers . . . .263 



28. Family Aphrizidse: Surf-birds and Turnstones . 268 



29. Family Haematopodidse: Oyster-catchers , , 268 



