WOOD WARBLERS 443 



bars washed with yellow; in other words, about intermediate between typi- 

 cal leucobronchialis and typical pinus. 



This hybrid between pinus and chrysoptera or color phase of pinus, 

 has been found in Louisiana, from Virginia northward to Connecticut, 

 and as far west as Michigan, Its breeding range apparently coincides 

 with the northern portion of that of pinus. Upward of one hundred 

 and fifty specimens, representing typical leucobronchialis and various 

 phases of its intergradation with pinus are known, and in the Connect- 

 icut River Valley the bird is stated to be more frequent than chrysoptera. 

 In general habits it resembles both pinus and chrysoptera. Some in- 

 dividuals sing like the former, some like the latter, while others 

 have notes of their own. The significant facts in the bird's interest- 

 ing and puzzling history are given in the Warblers of North America, 

 pp. 72-77, and by Faxon in the Memoirs Mus. Comp. Zool. } 1910, XL, 

 pp. 57-78. 



Vermivora lawrencei (Herrick). LAWRENCE'S WARBLER. Ad. <?. 

 Forehead and forepart of the crown yellow, rest of the upperparts bright 

 olive-green; wing-bars white; tail bluish gray, the three to four outer feathers 

 marked with white; a black patch on the cheek divided by a yellow line 

 from the black patch on the throat and upper breast ; lower breast and belly 

 yellow, under tail-coverts white. Ad. 9. Forehead dingy yellow, rest of 

 the upperparts bright olive-green; wing-bars white, tinged with yellow; tail 

 as in the d", black patches of the d* replaced by dusky olive-green. 



Remarks. This bird combines the characters of pinus and chrysoptera; 

 it has the black cheek-patches and breast-patch of the latter, but in other 

 respects resembles the former, and is doubtless a hybrid between the two. 

 Its history and a discussion of its relationships will be found under the refer- 

 ences given above. It is a much rarer bird than Brewster's Warbler, and 

 less than a score of specimens have been recorded. 



The bird resembles Brewster's Warbler in haunts and habits, and, 

 like that puzzling bird, it sings like both pinus and chrysoptera. 



642. Vermivora chrysoptera (Linn.}. GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER. 

 (Fig. 117.) Ad. cf. Crown bright yellow; rest of the upperparts bluish gray, 

 sometimes washed with greenish ; a large black patch about the eye, sepa- 

 rated from another on the throat by a white stripe ; a white line over the eye ; 

 wings and tail bluish gray; tips of middle wing-coverts and outer webs of 

 greater ones bright yellow, forming a large yellow patch on the wing; outer 

 three tail-feathers with large white patches on their inner webs at the tip, 

 fourth feather with a smaller patch; lower breast and belly white; sides 

 grayish. Ad. 9 . Similar, but the crown and upperparts duller, the patch 

 on the sides of the head and throat grayish instead of black. L., 5' 10; W.. 

 2-46; T., 1-94; B. from N., '34. 



Range. E. N. Am. Breeds in Alleghanian fauna from cen. Minn., s. 

 Ont., and Mass. s. to s. Iowa, n. Ills., n. Ind., n. N. J., and n. Ga.; winters 

 from Guatemala to Colombia, and casually in s. Mex.; very rare in Fla., 

 and s. Ga. ; accidental in Man. 



Washington, uncommon T. V., May 1-30; Aug. 8-21. Ossining, rare 

 S. R., May 8- Aug. 25. Cambridge, rather common S. R., May 12- Aug. 25. 

 N. Ohio, rare T. V. Glen Ellyn, irregular, not common T. V., May 4-18; 

 Aug. 16-Sept. 24. SE. Minn., common S. R., May 5-Sept. 9. 



Nest, much like that of V. pinus, on or near the ground, in second 

 growths or bushy fields. Eggs, 4-5, white, speckled and spotted, chiefly 

 about the larger end, with cinnamon-brown, chestnut, or umber, '62 x '50. 



