458 WOOD WARBLERS 



Washington, one record, Sept. 25, 1887. N. Ohio, rare T. V., May 9 

 and 11. Glen Ellyn, one record, May 7, 1894. SE. Minn., one record, Min- 

 neapolis, May 13. 



Nest, on the ground at the foot of a pine or oak, of soft bark, strips of 

 vegetable fiber, grass, etc., lined with fine grass, pine needles, and hair. 

 Eggs, 35, white, speckled with umber, wreathed at the larger end, '71 x '54. 

 Date, Oscoda Co., Mich., June 6. (See Wood, Warblers of N. A., 206-209.) 



During the summer this, the rarest of North American Warblers, 

 is known only from north central Michigan, while during the winter it 

 appears to be restricted to the Bahamas. In the intervening region it has 

 been reported about thirty-five times; it reaches Florida about April 20 

 and Michigan about May 15. The return journey is made between 

 August and November. 



Aside from its size and color, Kirtland's Warbler may be Jknown by 

 its habit of tail-wagging in which it rivals the Palm Warbler. When 

 migrating it frequents the lower growth and when nesting lives only 

 in high, sandy jack-pine plains. According to Wood (in " Warblers of 

 North America") this Warbler has several distinct songs, "all of which 

 belong to the whistling type and have the clear, ringing quality of the 

 Oriole's." 



671. Dendroica vigors! vigors! (Aud.). PINE WARBLER. (Fig. 7Gb.) 

 Ad. d". Upperparts bright olive-green, sometimes washed with ashy; two 

 Whitish wing-bars; outer tail-feathers with white patches on their inner 

 vanes near the tip; underparts bright yellow, more or less washed with 

 ashy, turning to white on the lower belly and under tail-coverts; sides some- 

 times with a few black streaks. Ad. 9. Similar, but upperparts brownish 

 olive-green; underparts soiled whitish; breast tinged with yellow. L., 5'52; 

 W., 2'81; T., 2'25; B. from/N., '33. 



Range. E. N. Am. Breeds in Transition and Austral zones from n. 

 Man., n. Mich., s. Ont., s. Que., and N. B. s. to e. cen. Tex., the Gulf States, 

 and Fla. ; winters from s. Ills, and coast of Va. to Fla., e. Tex., and Tamaulipas, 

 and casually n. to Mass. 



Washington, quite uncommon S. R., Mch. 20-Oct. 29; abundant in 

 fall. Ossining, casual. Cambridge, locally common S. R., Apl. 10-Oct. 20; 

 occasional W. V. N. Ohio, rare T. V.; Apl. 29-May 15. Glen Ellyn, not 

 common T. V., spring records only, Apl. 17-May 24. SE. Minn., common 

 T. V., Apl. 26- . 



Nest, of strips of bark, leaves, plant fibers, etc., in pines 10-80 feet up. 

 Eggs, 4-5, white or grayish white, with numerous distinct and obscure 

 cinnamon-brown to umber markings, chiefly in a'wreath or band at the larger 

 end, 70 x '52. Date, Raleigh, N.'C., Mch. 24; Cambridge, May 20. 



True to its name, the Pine Warbler is rarely found outside of pine 

 woods. In the South, where pineries may extend over half a state, it 

 is an abundant and generally distributed bird; in the more northern 

 part of its range it is, from force of circumstances, a local species, 

 occurring only with the pines. 



In the winter it is found in small flocks, which may contain a few 

 Myrtle or Palm Warblers, and at this season it lives on or near the 

 ground. In the summer it is more arboreal. Its habit of clinging to 

 the trunk of a tree, or hopping along a limb while searching for insects 

 in crevices in the bark, has given it the misnomer of Pine Creeping 



