31 



ing shade, would serve to reinforce the somewhat open foliage 

 of the red pine windbreak. 



For commercial planting the red pine probably ranks next 

 to the white pine among the evergreens for lumber production. 

 Plantations should be restricted to poor, sandy soils or such 

 areas as are unprofitable for agricultural crops. The spacing 

 should be not greater than 8 by 8 feet in order to shade off the 

 lower branches as the trees 'mature. 



The red pine has a place for ornamental planting in Iowa 

 the same as the white pine, -fhe coarseness of the foliage 

 often makes a contrast which is highly desirable for orna- 

 mental purposes. 



JACK PINE (Pinus divaricate^ 



The Tree: The jack pint? grows natively from Maine to 

 Minnesota in the United States, but not in Iowa. In the forest 

 the tree is not considered of much value, due to the fact that 

 it is generally closely associated with the more valuable trees, 

 white and red pines. Altho usually of small size as compared 

 with other evergreen trees, this pine reaches a diameter of 3 

 ft and a height of 80 to 90 feet in good situations. Altho very 

 branchy and scrubby when grown in an open stand on poor 

 soil, it is almost as straight bodied and free of side branches 

 as the red pine when grown in even aged stands in the lake 



Fig. 7. A ten-year old windbreak of jack pine trees. Many of the trees 

 are 15 feet in height. 



