XIII 



COLUBRINAE 



6l 5 



Islands, grows to 1 feet in length ; it is consequently one of 

 the largest harmless Colubrine snakes. The scales form only 

 sixteen to eighteen rows. The sub-caudals are double. The 

 general colour above is dark olive, passing into greenish brown 



FIG. 162. Zaocys carinatus. 



farther back. The under parts are yellowish ; black and yellow 

 posteriorly. The fifth and sixth labials border the eye. 



Coluber. The maxillary teeth are of equal size, but the 

 anterior mandibular teeth are the longest. The head is distinct 

 from the neck. The nasals are distinct ; not fused with the 

 loreals. The eye is rather large, with a round pupil. The 

 scales, smooth or keeled, have apical pits ; the ventrals are 

 rounded or angulate laterally ; the sub-caudals are double. They 

 all lay eggs and constrict their food. Nearly fifty species in the 

 Periarctic region. 



C. (Elaphis) quatuorlineatus s. quaterradiatus inhabits Italy 

 and South-Eastern Europe. It occurs also in the Southern 

 Tyrol. The scales of this large snake, which grows to nearly 

 6 feet in length, are arranged in twenty-five rows, and are feebly 



