CONTENTS. 



DESCRIPTIVE AND SURGICAL ANATOMY. 



OSTEOLOGY. THE SKELETON. 



PAGE 



The Skeleton 33 



Number of the Bones 33 



Form of Bones 33 



THE SPINE. 



General Characters of a Vertebra 34 



Characters of the Cervical Vertebrae 35 



Atlas 36 



Axis 37 



Seventh Cervical 39 



Characters of the Dorsal Vertebrae 39 



Peculiar Dorsal Vertebrae 41 



Characters of the Lumbar Vertebrae 41 



Structure of the Vertebrae 43 



Development of the Vertebrae 43 



" Atlas 44 



" Axis 44 



" Seventh Cervical .... 45 



" Lumbar Vertebrae .... 45 



Progress of Ossification in the Spine 45 



Sacral and Coccygeal Vertebrae 45 



Sacrum 45 



Coccyx 50 



Of the Spine in General 51 



Surface Form of Spine .53 



Surgical Anatomy of Spine 53 



THE SKULL. 



Bones of the Cranium 55 



Occipital Bone 55 



Parietal Bones 59 



Frontal Bone 61 



Temporal Bones 65 



Sphenoid Bone 72 



Ethmoid Bone 77 



Development of the Cranium 80 



The Fontanelles 80 



Wormian Bones 81 



Congenital Fissures and Gaps 81 



Bones of the Face : 



Nasal Bones 81 



Superior Maxillary Bones 83 



Changes produced in Upper Jaw by Age . 88 



Lachrymal Bones 88 



Malar Bones 89 



Palate Bones 91 



Inferior Turbinated Bones 94 



Vomer 95 



Inferior Maxillary Bone 96 



Changes produced in the Lower Jaw by 



Sutures of the Skull 101 



Vertex of the Skull 103 



Base of the Skull, Internal Surface 103 



Anterior Fossa 103 



Middle Fossa 105 



Posterior Fossa 106 



Base of Skull, External Surface 106 



Lateral Region of the Skull 110 



Temporal Fossa 110 



Mastoid Portion Ill 



Zygomatic Fossa Ill 



Spheno-maxillary Fossa 112 



Anterior Eegion of the Skull 112 



Orbits 113 



Nasal Fossae 115 



Surface Form of Skull . 118 



Surgical Anatomy of Skull 119 



Os Hyoides 122 



THE THORAX. 



The Sternum 124 



The Ribs 128 



Peculiar Ribs 130 



Costal Cartilages 132 



Surface Form of Chest 132 



Surgical Anatomy of Chest 133 



THE UPPER EXTREMITY. 



The Shoulder and Pelvic Girdles 134 



The Clavicle 135 



Surface Form 137 



Surgical Anatomy 137 



The Scapula 138 



Surface Form 143 



Surgical Anatomy 143 



The Humerus 144 



Surface Form 149 



Surgical Anatomy 149 



The Forearm 150 



The Ulna 150 



Surface Form 155 



The Radius 155 



Surface Form 157 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Forearm . 157 



The Hand ". : . . 158 



The Carpus 158 



Bones of the Upper Row 161 



Bones of the Lower Row 163 



The Metacarpus 165 



Peculiar Characters of the Metacarpal Bones . 166 



Phalanges 169 



Surface Form of Bones of Hand .... 169 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Hand . . 170 



Development of the Bones of the Hand . . . 170 



THE LOWER EXTREMITY. 



Os Innominatum 171 



Ilium 172 



Ischium 174 



Os Pubis .... 176 



Development of the Os Innominatum .... 177 



The Pelvis 179 



Differences between the Male and Female 



Pelvis 182 



Surface Form of Bones of Pelvis .... 182 



Surgical Anatomy of Bones of Pelvis . . 183 



The Femur or Thigh-bone 183 



Surface Form 190 



Surgical Anatomy 190 



The Leg 191 



Patella 191 



Surface Form 192 



Surgical Anatomy 192 



9 



