PROGRESS IN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 



young French physician Marie Franpois Bichat made in 

 calling attention to the fact that each vertebrate organ- 

 ism, including man, has really two quite different sets of 



MAHIE FRANCOIS XAVIER BICHAT 

 From a medallion by David d' Angers 



organs one set under volitional control, and serving the 

 end of locomotion, the other removed from volitional 

 control, and serving the ends of the " vital processes" of 

 digestion, assimilation, and the like. He called these- 

 sets of organs the animal system and the organic sys- 

 tem, respectively. The division thus pointed out was 

 not quite new, for Grimaud, professor of physiology in 

 the universit}^ of Montpellier, had earlier made what 

 was substantially the same classification of the functions 

 into " internal or digestive and external or locomotive "; 



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