110 



COMPARATIVE OSTEOLOGY. 



FIG. 31. 

 SKELETOX OF THE DOG (CAKNIVORA). 



AXIAL SKELETON. 



THE SKfLL. 



Cranial Bones. a, Occipital, 1 ; 6, Parietal, 2 ; c, Frontal, 2 ; k, Temporal, 2 ; Sphenoid, 1 ; 

 Ethmoid, 2 ; Auditory ossicles, 8. 



d Bones. f, Nasal, 2; e, Lachrymal, 2; d, Malar, 2; h, Maxilla, 2; g, Premaxilla, 2; 

 i, Inferior Maxilla, 2; Palatine, 2 ; Pterygoid, 2 ; Vomer, 1; Turbinals, 4; Hyoid series, 9. 

 Teeth: Incisors, 12; Canine.-, 4; Molars, 26. 



The TrunJ;.l I, Cervical vertebrae, 7; m m, Dorsal vertebrae, 13; n n, Lumbar vertebrae, 7; 

 o, Sacrum (three segments), 1 ; 7) p, Coccygeal vertebrae (variable), 20 ; t t, Ribs, 26 ; * Sternum 

 (eight steruebrae), 1 ; -Jt C<>*tal cartilages. 



APPENDICULAII SKELETON. 



PECTORAL LIMB. 



u, Scapula, 2 ; v, Humerus, 2 ; w, Radius, 2 ; x, Ulna. Carpus : y, Trapezium, 2 ; z, Cunei- 

 form, 2 ; a', Scaphoid, 2 ; 6', Unciform, 2 ; c', Magnum, 2 ; d', Trapezoid, 2 ; ', Pisiform, 2 ; Meta- 

 carpal bones, 10; h', Anterior sesamoids, 10; g', Posterior sesamoids, 20. Digit :i', Proximal 

 phalanges, 10 ; k', Median phalanges, S ; I', Distal phalanges, 10 ; Small sesamoids wanting. 



PELVIC LIMB. 



Pelvis. Os Innomiuatum: q, Ilium, 2 ; r, Pubis, 2 ; s, Ischium, 2. 



The Limb.m', Femur, 2 ; o', Fabellae, 4 ; n', Patella, 2 ; q'. Tibia, 2 ; p', Tibial sesamoid, 2 ; 

 r' Fibula, 2. Tarsus : s', Calcaueum, 2 ; t' , Astragalus, 2 ; u', Cuboid, 2 ; v', Superior cuneiform, 2 ; 

 v: , Ecto-cuneiforme, 2 ; x', Meso-cuueiforme, 2 ; y', Eudo-cuneiforme, 2. Metatarsus : Large bones, 

 z', Small bones, 2 ; Anterior sesamoids, 8 ; Posterior sesamoids, 16. Digit : Proximal phalanges, 

 Median phalanges, 8 ; Distal phalanges, S ; Small sesamoids wanting. 



VISCERAL SKELETON. 

 Os Penis, 1 ; Rudimentary clavicle (inconstant), 2. 



The bones of the Caruivora Skeleton, thus considered, are 345. 



