SECOND PAIR OPTIC NERVES. 



491 



FIRST PAIR - OLFACTORY NERVES. 



The olfactory, or Derve of the special sense of smell, arises by 

 three roots an iirntr, short root of white fibres, derived from 

 the inner and posterior part of the anterior lobe ; an outer, long 

 root, also white, which crosses the Sylviau fissure into the 

 greater lobe, where it is continuous with fibres of the optic 

 thalamus ; and a middle or grey root, which also contains white 

 fibres from the corpus striatum, and arises from a papilla of grey 

 matter (caruncula) in the mammillary eminence. The union of 

 these roots forms the olfactory 

 lobe, which, as it passes forwards, 

 swells into an oblong mass, the 

 olfactory bulb, which rests on the 

 cribriform plate of the ethmoid 

 bone. From the under part of 

 the bulb spring the olfactory 

 nerve filaments, which pass 

 through the foramina in the cri- 

 briform plate, and are distributed 

 in the mucous membrane of the 

 posterior part of the nasal fossa. 

 These filaments are divisible into 

 three groups, an outer, sent to 

 the turbinated bones and sur- 

 face of the ethmoid; a middle, 



, . , 



Which Supplies the mUCOUS mem- 



brane of the roof of the fossa; 

 and an inner, spread over the 

 septum nasi. 



Base of the brain showing the apparent 

 origins of the cranial nerves, a, Olfactory; 



* .f^'- c ;. M *". r oculi; d - ^ at r+ he " c: 



1 ntacial ; J, Alxiucens ; </, Portio-dnra ; 



h, Ponio-moilis ; i, oiosso-pharyngeai : t, 



Pneumo''astric ; I, Spinal accessory ; m, 



SECOND PAIR OPTIC NERVE-. 



The optic, or nerve of the special sense of sight, is a large 

 nerve, which has its deep origin in the corpora geniculata, optic 

 thalamus, and corpora quadrigemina ; the fibres from these three 

 different sources uniting to form the optic tract, which winds 

 round the crus cerebri to join its fellow, and form the optic com- 

 missure. , After leaving the commissure, the nerves become 

 rounded, and diverge to pass through the optic foramina, where 

 they receive a covering of dura mater, which immediately splits 



