516 NEUROLOGY. 



nerve and the inferior oblique muscle of the eye, in close contact 

 with the motor oculi nerve and the ophthalmic artery. Its motor 

 root is furnished by the third pair, and its sensory is derived 

 from the palpebro-nasal. It also communicates with the superior 

 cervical ganglion. Its emergent branches are the ciliary nerves, 

 which accompany the ciliary arteries, and supply the tunics of 

 the eyeball. 



MECKEL'S GANGLION, much larger than the ophthalmic, is 

 situated between the orbital and maxillary hiatuses, in close 

 contact with the superior maxillary division of the fifth pair. 

 Its motor root is formed by the Vidian nerve, by which it is also 

 connected with the superior cervical ganglion, and its sensory 

 roots are derived from the spheno-palatine 'nerve. Its emergent 

 branches are numerous, and are sent to the muscles and vessels 

 of the orbit, to the soft and hard palate, to the nose, and to the 

 superior cervical and ophthalmic ganglia. 



The OTIC GANGLION (Arnold's) is inconstant ; it is connected 

 with the inferior maxillary division of the fifth pair, under the 

 guttural pouch and close to the Eustachian tube ; its sensory 

 root is derived from the buccal nerve, and its motor from the 

 small superficial petrosal. It also communicates with the superior 

 cervical ganglion. Its emergent branches are to the muscles of 

 the middle ear, to the Eustachian tube, and to the pterygoid and 

 tensor palati muscles. 



CERVICAL PORTION OF THE SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM. 



The cervical portion of the sympathetic chain is formed of two 

 large ganglia, connected by an intermediate cord, and placed one 

 at the superior, and the other at the inferior extremity of the 

 neck. 



The SUPERIOR CERVICAL or GUTTURAL GANGLION is a long, 

 fusiform body in close connection with the internal carotid artery, 

 and included with it in a fold of the membrane of the guttural 

 pouch ; it is situated in front of the wing of the atlas, and in 

 close proximity to the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth cranial, 

 and first cervical nerves, from all of which it receives branches. 

 These filaments form a plexus round the ganglion, known as the 

 guttural plexus. The emergent branches of the superior cervical 

 ganglion are divided into three orders viz., 1st, Those accom- 

 panying the internal carotid into the cranium ; 2nd, A large 



