298 UNIVERSITY OP CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT STATION 



slight elevation, about six inches, into a current of water, moving at 

 a regular speed. The injured, light oranges do not sink very far and 

 come up quickly so that they are only carried a short distance before 

 they come to the surface. The good heavy oranges sink much deeper 

 as they fall and come to the surface more slowly so that they are 

 carried much farther by the current of water. Taking advantage of 

 this principle, a screen, placed horizontally at a certain depth in the 

 water and a certain distance from the points at which the fruit falls, 

 will allow the light, frozen oranges to arise to the surface and be 

 carried off above the screen; while the heavy oranges will not arise 

 until they pass the end of the screen and thus are carried on below it 

 and into a separate receptacle, or passed directly into the washing 

 machine in case the fruit is to be washed. 



Different crops of fruit have different specific gravities, or the 

 same fruit at different times gives a different specific gravity, so that 

 the separating screen requires to be adjusted to the crop that is being 

 run through at a given time. When it is properly adjusted, a very 

 satisfactory segregation can be made, comparing favorably with the 

 best alcoholic segregation. 



The practicality of this method of segregation was immediately 

 recognized, and separators were installed in the various packing- 

 houses requiring them, as rapidly as the machines could be con- 

 structed. After the first of May, practically all of the fruit that was 

 shipped from the state was run through Chase separators to eliminate 

 injured fruit. The examination of such separated fruit, and the 

 market reports from the separated fruit shipped, testify conclusively 

 to the value and effectiveness of this method of separation. 



BERKELEY, CM.IFORM* 



