VOL. XLI.J l»HlLOSOPHXCAL TRANSACTIONS. . 333 



are about 1 1 inches diameter, the others 8 inches square ; each standing on a 

 brick II inches square, as at fig. 4, and 2 inches thick; the shaft 2 feet high, 

 on which lies another brick likewise 2 inches thick, some 17, 18, and others 

 19 inches square, as at fig. 3, which represents the profile of two square pillars 

 with the square bricks at top and bottom, which make the whole height of the 

 alveus 2 feet 4 inches. The pillars, both round and square, are jointed with 

 mortar, and that very clumsily ; the round pillars being composed of 10 courses 

 of semicircular bricks, as at fig. 4, A, laid by pairs; the joint of every course 

 crossing that of the former at right angles, as at fig. 4, c; with so much mor- 

 tar between, that the two semicircles rather form an oval, and so the pillars 

 look at first sight as if they were wreathed; the square pillars are composed of 

 13 courses of bricks, as at fig. 4, b; 8 inches square, as at fig. 4, d; these 

 bricks being thinner than those which compose the round pillars. 



On the top of these pillars rests the testudo or floor of the sudatorium or 

 sweating-room, fig. 2, hi, which is composed thus: first, there is a floor of 

 large bricks, 23 inches long, and 21 broad, which lie over the square bricks on 

 the tops of the pillars, as at fig. 3, the four corners of each brick reaching to 

 the centres of four adjoining pillars, as at fig. 5, where only one of these larger 

 bricks is represented, as it bears upon 4 of the su)aller bricks with their pillars 

 under them. On this course of bricks is a covering of cement 6 inches thick, 

 and on that is set a tessellated pavement ; the tessellae of the corner uncovered, 

 K, in fig. 1 and 2, are of a whitish colour. 



L and M, in fig. 1 and 2, are two tubuli or flues, 12 inches wide, and 14 

 deep, for carrying ofi' the smoke; the bottoms of them are even with the bot- 

 tom of the alveus, and they are carried on the level about 1 5 feet, under an- 

 other room by the side of the hypocaustum, and then it is presumed they turn 

 upwards. The walls of this room were plastered, and the plaster painted red, 

 blue, and other colours, and its floor tessellated white; no figures are discern- 

 ible in either painting or pavement. This pavement, which is on a level with 

 the testudo of the hypocaustum, is about 13 feet below the present surface of 

 the ground, so deep is old Lindum buried in its ruins! 



The workmen, in digging up this pavement, struck into the flue m, 3 feet 

 from the north east corner of the hypocaustum ; and opened it to the very 

 corner k, which showed one of the round pillars, and thus the whole was dis- 

 covered. In sinking the hole nk, at 5 or 6 feet depth, they came to the wall, 

 which was dug up by pieces with the rubbish, before they came to the pavement. 

 This had been the wall of a room under which the tubuli ran, by the side of, 

 and not over the alveus, but on the east side of it. 



Mr. Sympson got a youth to creep in at the opening made at k, and take the 



