172 PHILOSOPHICAL TKANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1745. 



tween their horns. This has sometimes relieved this symptom, but the beasts 

 have not recovered. 



The 2d or 3d day most of them fall into a purging, groan much, and seem to 

 be in great pain. The stools seem to be bilious, have cakes of jelly come away 

 with them, and some were streaked with blood. They soon died after these 

 stools came on. Those that are kept out in the cold air seldom live beyond the 

 third day ; those that are kept warirt in houses, and cloathed, live 5, 6, or 7 

 days. 



Many of the cows have a wild stare with their eyes ; the whites of the eye, and 

 the skin of the eyelids, looked yellowish : their tongues looked white ; they had 

 no extraordinary heat in their mouths, or at the roots of their horns (a place 

 where they usually feel to judge of the heat of cattle), or in the axilla or arm-pit. 

 The mucus running from their nose is very thick and ropy : their milk is thick 

 and yellow. 



In the 2 he had seen opened, the flesh and blood looked much darker co- 

 loured than usual ; the fat of the first looked yellow ; the lungs were much in- 

 flamed in many places, and had several large blisters, two or three inches over, 

 full of water, on their outer surface : there was no water in the thorax, little or 

 none in the pericardium ; the heart looked well, but the blood in it was not at 

 all clodded, being exceedingly fluid and dark coloured ; the paunch was very full 

 of food, and greatly distended ; the stomach looked well ; the liver was full of 

 scirrhous swellings and chalky knobs ; the gall-bladder larger than usual ; the 

 gall fluid, but dark coloured ; the intestines inflamed in many places ; the fat 

 about the kidneys was distended with air ; the kidneys were sound, as was the 

 bladder and uterus. This cow was not with calf. On opening the skull, much 

 water gushed out. 



In the 2d cow, the fat was not yellow ; the lungs, heart, paunch, and sto- 

 mach, were like the former ; the liver was pale, flabby, not scirrhous ; but the 

 gall-bladder very large ; the intestines inflamed, and in some places livid ; the 

 fat of the kidneys in this was sound, but one of the kidneys was mortified. This 

 cow was about a month gone with calf. 



The man who flayed and opened these cows said, these were the general ap- 

 pearances in most he had flayed ; only that in some he found water in the cells ' 

 of the cores of the horns. 



From these circumstances he thinks it evident, that this distemper began by 

 an inflammation of the lungs, attended with a catarrh or flux of humours from 

 the nose ; that in the progress of it there came on an inflammation of the guts, 

 and a purging, caused by an acrimony and overflowing of the gall, which ended 

 in stools tinged yvith blood, exciting great pain in the bowels, and so brought 

 on death. 



