VOL. XLVI."| PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. - 643 



The Table of Bushels in Gallons in Pints in Weight of the 



Cube Inch. Cube Inch. Cube Inch, gallon in Avoir- 

 dupois pounds. 



By the Coal Act 2217.47 277.183 34.648 10.025 



By the Malt Act 2150.42 268.8 33.6 9.722 



Winchester bushel 2145.6 268.2 33.525 9-6 



From, the wine gallon . . 1848 231 28.875 8.354 



The Guildhall gallon ... . 1/92 224 28 8.101 



l6oz. Avoirdupois 1769-472 221.184 27.648 8 



12 oz. Troy 1456.0224 182.0028 22.75035 6.5826 



The following are not supported by any law or authority. 

 The vulgar dry measure .. 2178 272.25 34.0625 9.8468 



The ale measure 22j6 282 35.25 10.1995 



On the Cure of Dry Gangrenes : with a Description of a New-invented Instrument 

 for the Extirpation of Tumours out of the Reach of the Surgeon's Fingers. 

 By Dr. le Cat, F. R. S. Translatedfrom the French by Ph. H. Zollman, Esq. 

 F.R.S. N° 491, p. 72. 



From the year 1725 to the year 1733, when M. le Cat frequented the hospi- 

 tals of Paris, he saw that a great many persons there died of a dry gangrene, and 

 even that nothing was done to them. He knew that amputation had been at- 

 tempted in vain ; but he did not see any of the practitioners endeavour to cure 

 that distemper by remedies ; nor did he think, that cure impossible. He sus- 

 pected, that the cause of the dry gangrene, was the want of a flow of the arterial 

 blood, and of the spirits, into the part affected: and this want, as it accounts for 

 the deadness, which cannot miss befalling the part, and the dryness which at- 

 tends this sort of mortification ; whereas in the humid gangrene, it is chiefly the 

 return of the blood which is hindered, and thereby the fluids are accumulated, 

 that swell and distend the part. 



Two causes so opposite must demand also very different cures. The distension 

 ■which characterises the humid gangrene, shows the necessity there is for scarifi- 

 cations and evacuations ; as the dryness of the other gangrene points out the 

 uselessness of these operations in this sort. 



In the humid gangrene, the solids are choaked up, and overflowed with the 

 accumulated liquid ; the nerves are there stupified and benumbed : what can be 

 more proper then after scarifications, which disgorge and relax those regions, 

 than to apply stimulating topics ? tonics, which restore the spring, the tone of 

 the solid parts; help them to expel those superfluous liquors, the spirits of which 

 are as it were drowned and suffocated , and in short, the defect being local, if 

 those succours do not suflfice, it is very common to cut off a limb ; the loss of 

 which may bring on that of the whole person. 



On the contrary, in the dry gangrene, the solids are void of fluids of all sorts. 

 The neighbouring regions, which begin to share of that want, are affected with 



4n'2 



