646 ' PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1749. 



once it has been laid hold of; bd is the extremity of the forceps, to be held in 

 the hand of the operator; ef, gh, are the pieces which connect the 2 parts of 

 the instrument, instead of the common joints or rivets of the other forceps, in a very 

 advantageous manner. These pieces make the principal utility of this invention. 



Fig. 5 represents the pincers taken to pieces in '2 parts. The piece e is to go 

 into the notch gg, so that the screw f may pass through its slit, and that the 

 nut F, put on the screw f, is to keep the whole together : but one thing which 

 the figure cannot show, is, that this piece e is moveable in the direction length- 

 wise of the forceps, to answer the different openings of the cheeks ; at b, fig. 4. is 

 seen the pin on which this piece turns. The piece g also receives the screw h into 

 its slit; and both are stopped by the nut h. But an essential remark, with regard 

 to the piece g, is, that it must have the figure of an arch of a circle, the radius 

 of which is the instrument itself; to the end that in the small extremity of the 

 pincers, the ends of the cheeks may find themselves over-against each other, 

 whatever opening may be given to the larger extremity, or to the handle gh. 



To explain the use of these forceps : suppose an excrescence is to be extir- 

 pated, a condyloma of 2 inches depth in the rectum. You cannot lay hold of 

 this tumour with the fingers, nor make it come out ; yet it is very troublesome 

 to the patient, and it would be requisite to slit or lay open the anus, to make 

 room for this extirpation. With this forceps you will avoid this cruel prepara- 

 tive, and will with great ease make the extirpation. 



First, introduce the fore-finger of the left hand into the rectum over the 

 tumour to be extirpated, to make sure of the situation: with the right hand 

 take the part of the forceps cd. and thrust it into the rectum, under the 

 finger which is already there, and make it slide along the right side of the tu- 

 mour, which to you is the left side. With the fingers of the left hand support 

 this instrument in its situation, while with the right hand you introduce the other 

 part of the forceps ab, and let it slide along the left side of the tumour, which is 

 over-against your right hand. Without taking the fore-finger of your left hand 

 out of the rectum, put together the parts of the instrument ; press between its 

 cheeks the tumour by its root; after which draw the fore-finger out of the rec- 

 tum; take with the left hand the handle of the forceps bd, fig. 4; thrust along 

 the right side of their cheeks underneath the knife, fig. 6, the button a being 

 turned against the cheeks, and the back cd towards the inside of the rectum. 

 Push this instrument as far as beyond the tumour under the extremity of the 

 cheeks of the forceps, of which you may make yourself sure with the fore-finger 

 of the left hand. Then raise towards the upper part the cheeks of the forceps, 

 to prolong as much as possible the root of the excrescence ; and in this condition 

 pull towards yourself with the right hand, the knife, which does not fail cutting 

 the tumour. 



There are cases, in which the instrument fig. 7, will be of more convenient 



