VOL. XLIX.] PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. S 



angles are 6o degrees : and these hexangular particles were far more numerous 

 than those of any other form. 



The natural size of most of the shining quadrangular particles, and of the 

 little stars of snow, as well the simple as the less compound ones, does not ex- 

 ceed the 20th part of an inch : nor do the more compound particles the 5th of 

 an inch. For the natural magnitude, or rather smallness, see pi. 1, where 

 these beautiful various configurations are exhibited, to the number of Ql. 

 N° 57 and 84 are anomalous figures of snow; of which there is an infinite va- 

 riety, that may be observed. 



XCIX. Of the Copper-springs lately discovered in Pennsylvania, By John 

 Rutty, M.D. of Dublin, p. 648. 



In the provincfe of Pennsylvania is a copper mine, which affords a spring that 

 appears to have the same qualities as that Irish water lately described by Dr. 

 Wm. Henry and Dr. Bond, in the 47th and 48th volumes of the Philos. Trans., 

 but is much sharper, for it will dissolve iron in a quarter part of the time ; and 

 we are assured, by the accounts transmitted from the proprietors of it, of the 

 trials they have made, that it yields the same copper-mud or dust as our Crone- 

 baun-water, of the county of Wicklow, which being collected from bars of iron 

 immersed in it, for the purpose of extracting the copper from the Pennsylvania 

 water, it produced above half pure copper on being melted in a crucible ; an ex- 

 periment that requires to be repeated in order to ascertain the proportion of cop- 

 per contained with accuracy ; our copper-spring of the county of Wicklow yield 

 ing a proportion considerably larger than this, viz. 1 6 parts of copper out of 20 

 of the mud. 



In the neighbourhood is a great abundance of the ores of vitriol and sulphur, 

 and the spring comes through an immense body of vitriol-ore, and the supply of 

 water is very large, 700 or 800 hogsheads flowing in 24 hours. 



The water is of a pale-green colour, of an acid, sweet, austere, inky and nauseous 

 taste. It is very ponderous, and instantly betrays the great strength of the me- 

 tallic impregnation by the hydrometer ; which, immersed in this water, presently 

 mounted above the ball, and stood in it nearly at the same height as in a solution 

 of one oz. and six drams of English vitriol in a quart of water. A little of the 

 solution of pot-ashes instantly precipitates the metallic parts of this water, in 

 grains of 3 different colours, viz. ochre-coloured at the top, green in the middle, 

 and white at the bottom : and the appearances with spirit of hartshorn were 

 much alike, except that the grumes at the bottom participated of a mixture of 

 a blue colour with the white, indicating more clearly the mixture of copper. 



But iron immersed, above all other things, renders the contained copper con- 

 spicuous to the eye ; for a clean knife, kept in it a few minutes, is covered with 



B 2 



