Il6 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1757. 



ral, but were otherwise sound. The glandula prostata was of a large size, but 

 not distempered. They found 3 calculi, 1 lying loose in the bladder, and the 

 other a very small one sticking in the passage, at that part which is surrounded 

 by the prostate gland. The first 2 were very much alike, being of the shape and 

 size of the kernel of a Spanish nut ; only the sides were irregularly flattened, but 

 without forming any sharp angle. The surface of each was every where smooth, 

 except where there had been a separation of some small scales, not so thick as 

 one's nail ; and the largest exfoliation from one of these stones appeared to have 

 been nearly about the breadth of the nail of his little finger. The polish other- 

 wise, as well as the colour of both, might be compared to a boy's marble. One 

 of these calculi weighed 2 1 grains, the other 22 grains : they were heavy for 

 their bulk, and seemingly of a hard substance. The smallest stone was about 

 the size and shape of the seed of an apple, with the point broken off and the 

 edge ragged. This, as before observed, was found in the passage, seemed to be 

 coming away, and probably had occasioned that irritation the patient had now 

 and then felt during his last illness. It weighed only about a grain. No parts 

 could have a sounder appearance than both the ureters and kidneys. The first 

 were not dilated ; nor did the last contain any stone, mucus, or gravel : the pelvis 

 in each was of a natural size. 



The rest of the abdominal viscera were in the same healthful state, except the 

 o-all-bladder, which was full of stones. The largest was about the size of a small 

 chestnut, but rounder. The surface was smooth, particularly at one part, where 

 it seemed to have rubbed on a smaller calculus, of the shape of one of the ver- 

 tebrae of a small animal, without the processes. This last had a hollow on each 

 side, corresponding to the convexity of the large stone : and these cavities being 

 finely polished, it seemed as if sometimes one side, sometimes the other, of the 

 small stone had been turned to the great one, and had been shaped in that 

 manner by the attrition. The largest calculus weighed 1 dr. 2 scr. 2 grs. ; the 

 small one but Q grs. : they both sunk in water ; and felt specifically heavier than 

 any stones he had ever seen taken out of the gall-bladder. Besides these 2, there 

 were several very small calculi of irregular shapes, and of rough surfaces, which 

 altogether did not weigh above 5 grs. Mr. Graham, who had attended his lord- 

 ship for about 40 years, assured Dr. P. that he never had any symptom that in 

 dicated a stoppage of the bile, or the passage of a stone from the gall-bladder 

 into the intestines. Neither the head nor breast were opened. 



