310 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1758. 



cavities between the branched laminae are the places where the ligaments or tendons^ that move the 

 opercula, are inserted. 



Fig. 8, is the cup barnacle, taken off an East India ship from Sumatra. The testaceous flat bot- 

 tom of this was marked with the seams and lines of the sheatliing, and with the rust of the nails. In 

 one of these shells the animal is represented protruding his claws through the opercula. 



Fig- 9> is called the bell-shaped barnacle. This was taken off the bottom of a ship from Jamaica, 

 and had its flat testaceous base marked as the former. 



Fig. 10, represents part of a most elegant specimen in the curious collection of Dr. John Fother- 

 gill. It is called the tulip barnacle, and very properly, as well from the shape of its shell as the 

 beautiful stripes of red mixed with white. It adheres to a piece of the true red coral, and was fished 

 up near Leghorn. It is not improbable, but that these groups of barnacles, growing at the same 

 time with the animals that formed the red coral, may have received an addition to their fine red colour 

 from the coral. 



Fig. 11, is a group of barnacles of a conical form, composed of purplish tubes like small quills. 

 Fig. 1 1, a, represents one of the same, with a view of its base, from the collection of Mr. Peter Col- 

 linson, r. r. s. This was brought from the East Indies. The insides of these shells have the appear- 

 ance of the spongy parts of bones. 



Fig. \'2, is called the tortoise- wart barnacle, being often found upon that animal. This shell is of 

 a plano-convex shape, and looks like polished ivory. The divisions between the valves represent a 

 star with 6 points. If these shells are put into soap-lees, they will in a few hours separate into 6 

 pieces or valves, each shelly valve having 2 ears, like the scallop-shell : so that this species has its 

 valves connected by membranes, instead of testaceous sutures, as most of the others have. Fig. 12, 

 a, represents the under part of the same shell. 



Fig. 13, is marked with 6 rays like a star, as the former : but is much deeper in proportion to its 

 diameter. Several of this kind were found sticking to a crab, that was lately brought from the island 

 of Nevis ; whence Mr. E. called it the American erab's-wart. 



Fig- 14, is called the side-mouth barnacle. This was found on the southern coast of Africa, near 

 the Cape of Good Hope, where it adheres to a particular species of striated purple muscle. Fig. 

 14, a, represents 2 of the opercula of this barnacle remarkably horned. The shell of this is very 

 thin ; but its obliquity may probably be owing to its situation. 



Fig. 15 This egg-shaped barnacle with a small mouth is found in clusters sticking to the bucci- 

 num tribe of shells in the West Indies. 



Fig. l6', is the Cornish barnacle, shaped like a cone, and with a small mouth. This is described 

 and figured by the Rev. Wm. Borlase, f. r. s. in his Natural History of Cornwall, 



Fig. 17, is the common English barnacle, found in such plenty on all rocks and shells round this 

 island. From the animal of this, examined in the microscope, Mr. E took the character of the fish 

 of the barnacle genus. 



Fig. 18, Mr. E. called the limpet-shaped barnacle, from its likeness to some species of that shell. 

 It was brought from Greenland, and with several more was found slicking to a very large species of 

 muscle. • 



Fig. 19, a. This sea-fan, with the barnacles inclosed in it, was brought from Gibraltar. Mr. E. 

 called it the slipper barnacle from its shape. See fig. 19- These shell-fish adhere, while they are 

 young, to the slender branches, which are produced by the animals that compose this species of sea- 

 fan J and as the next succession of young animals of this sea-fan creep up its sides, to increase the 

 bulk and extension of these first-formed ramifications, they inclose the shells all round, leaving only 

 their mouths or apertures open, for the barnacles to procure their food. But it frequently happens 

 that the animals of the sea-fans destroy these barnacles, by overrunning and involving them in the 

 very centre of their stems. These small barnacles, interspersed here and there on the branches, have 



