1q6 philosophical transactions. [anno 1766. 



the day after death, its length, from the pubis to the most depending part, was 

 only 13 inches; its breadth, to the part where it fell in between the thighs, 12 

 inches; its circumference round the thick or smallest part, where it descended 

 from the pubis, 19 inches; and round its large circumference, 27 inches. It 

 was covered with the common integuments of the scrotum ; but at its lower and 

 posterior parts, the cellular membrane, or dartos, was reduced to an almost car- 

 tilaginous hardness, where the weight, both in sitting, standing, and lying, had 

 the greatest effect; the cicatrices also, where gangrenous sloughs had been cast 

 off, were of an equal firmness and hardness under the knife. The testicle of 

 the left side was plainly to be felt, at the prominent part above, and to one side 

 of the opening for the penis, not far from its natural situation, the right testicle 

 was obscurely to be felt, a little above the lowest and anterior point of the bag. 

 Besides what appeared on the front view of the bag, a large portion of it, like a 

 ridge, extended backwards, where the space between the thighs allowed it more 

 room; they being rather more concave than usual inwardly towards each other; 

 and more distant, from the constant pressure they sustained. The colour of the 

 bag was the same as that of the other parts, except where the mortified sloughs 

 had been cast off, where it was of a shining white. On opening the abdomen 

 the liver appeared rather large, and farther extended over the left side than usual. 

 The gall-bladder was small, with a little diluted bile in it. None of the intestines 

 appeared, but a portion of the colon, towards the anterior edge of the pelvis, on 

 the left side; where it made 2 inflections, much in the way as the lowest turns 

 of the intestines are shown to do, below the omentunj, in Eustach. tab. Q, from 

 these it went downwards, and backwards, into the pelvis, to make its last curve, 

 and be continued into the rectum; which, with that last curve of the colon, was 

 in its natural place and direction. The stomach, instead of an horizontal, had 

 a longitudinal position ; its large, and here upper extremity, being placed behind 

 the left lobe of the liver, close to the diaphragm, and its large convex side lay 

 along the left side of the abdomen ; it descended to near the crest of the os ilium,, 

 whence it turned over the inflection of the colon before-mentioned, across the 

 pelvis, to the large hernial aperture, in the right side; within the verge of which, 

 it ran downwards about an inch, then ascended, and made a semicircular turn to 

 the pylorus, which mounted towards the abdomen ; thence the beginning of the 

 duodenum made another turn, to descend into the hernial bag; immediately be- 

 low which, viz. just within the opening of the hernial bag, the ductus communis 

 choledochus entered it; and seemed the cause which kept it from falling farther 

 into the sac. From this, the remainder of the duodenum, and all the other in- 

 testines, were entirely contained in the hernial bag, to near the extremity of the 

 colon before-mentioned. The duodenum, after entering the sac, first ran a little 

 downwards, and backwards, then horizontally, and lastly upwards, to within the 



