^176 



PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. 



[anno 1767 



and 25 days. From an exact survey, made in the beginning of the year 17 67, 

 the number of inhabitants on the island of Madeira, was as follows : 



Persons of 7 years old and upward, 68669 ; under 7 years of age, 5945 ; 

 total 64614. 



Christened \p 8 years ...... ,1761 1 



Buried in 8 years 1035 1 



Medium for each year 2201^ 



Medium for each year 12y3-f 



Octennial increase 7260 ' ' Annual increase . . riK^HK . ■ 907^ 



Proportion of the yearly births to the number of persons, as 1 to 29.35 



of the yearly burials to the number of persons, as 1 to 4<).89 



of births to burials .jj, . . 'rt^HMtj* • • * ^^^ ^° 58.77 



of males born, to females .. .*...^..\., .',.1. .. 100 to 96.39 



in'i'j';';! 



100 



of females buried, to males . . il'.'. '.Vv.'.'.'i. . . 108.33 to 



Weddings each year, at a medium *704- 



Proportion of weddings to births, as 1 to 4.68 



of weddings to burials, as 1 to 2.75 



The mortality of spring and summer, to that of autumn and winter, as 115 

 to 100. 



XLVI. Of some Fery Large Fossil Teelh,* found in North America, and de- 

 scribed by Peter Collinson, F. R S. p, 464. 



George Croghan, Esq., who is a deputy of Sir Wm. Johnson, the king's super- 

 intendant of Indian affairs in America, in the course of his navigation down the 

 great river Ohio, in the year 17 66, after passing the Miame river, in the even- 

 ing came near the place where the elephants' bones are found, about 4 miles 

 south-east of the Ohio, and about 600 miles distant from and below Pitsburgh, 

 from the nearest sea-coast at least 700 miles. Next morning he met with a large 

 road, which the buffaloes had beaten, wide enough for two waggons to go a- 

 breast, leading straight into the great licking-place, to which the buffaloes 

 and all the species of deer resort, at a certain season of the year, to lick the 

 earth and water from salt-springs, that are impregnated with nitrous particles ; 

 whether to cleanse their stomachs, or for what other purpose, is submitted to 

 the sentiments of the Society. 



Mr. Croghan had been here some years before, and gave some account of the 

 monstrous bones, and teeth, found at this place, called by the Indians The Great 

 Buffaloes' Lick; but being now more at leisure, he carefully examined all its vi- 

 cinity, and discovered under a great bank, on the skirts of the Lick, 5 or 6 feet 

 below the surface, open to view, a prodigious number of bones and teeth, be- 



* These teeth belong to the animal called the American mammoth, which is found only in a fossil 

 state, and is supposed by Mr. Pennant to have been a species of elephant. It is accordingly the Ame- 

 rican elephant of that author. A complete skeleton was discovered in the districts here described a few 

 years ago, and was, by Mr. Peele, its proprietor, brought over from America, and exhibited in London, 



