\'OL. LXIX.] PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. 507 



epiglottis perforated as in fig. 3 and 4, and therefore different from Galen's 

 description, and from Tyson's, who makes no mention at all of the one, nor of 

 the 2 bags which Galen describes, and which Dr. C. found in the real orang of 

 Borneo; not only in 1 specimen, but in 5, which he dissected for that purpose. 



To return to Galen: Dr. C. is very apt to think that he dissected an Asiatic 

 orang, from which he took his description of the ventricles a latere lingulae, at 

 the sides of the epiglottis ; at least that he dissected such an organ, for the bones 

 of the carpus do not entirely agree with his description, though he seems to 

 have been very exact and nice in his dissections. And indeed Dr. C. wondered 

 as often as he compared the structure of the carpus and tarsus of apes, mon- 

 keys, and dogs, with Galen's osteological performances on this subject: for 

 though he describes but 8 bones in the carpus, he mentions the Qth, which 

 Dr. C. met with in all monkeys, apes, and dogs, and likewise in the orang. 

 The 10th is not easily seen, being very much attached to the os naviculare. In 

 the Angolese orang, Dr. Tyson met with the vermicular process of the intest. 

 coecum, which Dr. C. found very considerable in the Asiatic; but of which 

 Galen appears not to have had the least notion. Mr. D'Aubenton has given the 

 description and figure of the same little gut in the gibbon, a species approaching 

 to that of the orang, and likewise an inhabitant of Asia, but also unknown to 

 Galen . 



Dr. C. now proceeds to the organ of speech itself, and describes it as it appeared 

 in the first orang he dissected in 1770. And for the clearer understanding he 

 adds some figures to it; 1st, of the fore-part; 2dly, of the larynx from the 

 inside of the pharynx; and, lastly, of the inside of the larynx itself. 



In fig. 2 NOP represent the os hyoides ; no, the basis; p the left cornu; 

 NO, the little granitbrm bones, qtu, the thyroid cartilage; v the aspera 

 arteria; zx the right ventricle cut open; rs the left; y the hole leading into the 

 bag. The ventricles form here a kind of meatus, passing over the brim of the 

 thyroid cartilage, under the os hyoides, towards the inside, where they form the 

 fissures ab and ai, fig. 5. In a 2d, Dr. C. found both these ventricles the same 

 in every respect as the others, except that these last were of equal size. In the 

 3dj which he dissected Aug. 31, 1777, the 2 ventricles were smaller, but of 

 equal size on both sides. The animal was very young. In a 4th, he found 

 both the ventricles united so as to form but one. 



The 6th figure gives a sketch of it ; acdefghb is the ventricle, liaving the 2 

 meatuses a and b, and showing evidently a kind of division in i; gh making a 

 smaller bag. This bag descended downwards to the middle of the breast bone, 

 and spread itself sidewards over the sternomastoideus, with appendices under- 

 neath the cucullares. The latissimi colli adhered very much to the fore-part, 

 but sidewards; and under, from the muscles of the neck, they were easily sepa- 



3 T 2 



