328 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1787. 



of this stomach is thrown into unequal rugae, appearing like a large irregular 

 honeycomb. In the piked whale the rugae are longitudinal, and in many places 

 very deep, some of them being united by cross bands ; and in the porpoise the 

 folds are very thick, massy, and indented into each other. This stomach opens 

 into the 3d by a round contracted orifice, which does not seem to be valvular. 



The 3d stomach is by much the smallest, and appears to be only a passage 

 between the 2d and 4th. It has no peculiar structure on the inside, but termi- 

 nates in the 4th by nearly as large an opening as its beginning. In the porpoise 

 it is not above 1, and in the bottle-nose about 5 inches long. The 4th sto- 

 mach is of a considerable size ; but a good deal less than either the 1st or 2d. 

 In the piked whale it is not round, but seems flattened between the 2d and 5th. 

 In the porpoise it is long, passing in a serpentine course almost like an intestine. 

 The internal surface is regular, but villous, and opens on its right side into the 

 5th, by a round opening smaller than the entrance from the 3d. The 5th sto- 

 mach is in the piked whale round, and in the porpoise oval ; it is small, and ter- 

 minates in the pylorus, which has little of a valvular appearance. Its coats are 

 thinner than those of the 4th, having an even inner surface, which is commonly 

 tinged with bile. 



The piked whale and, I believe, the large whalebone whale, have a caecum ; 

 but it is wanting in the porpoise, grampus, and bottle-nose whale. The struc- 

 ture of the inner surface of the intestine is in some very singular, and different 

 from that of the others. The inner surface of the duodenum in the piked 

 whale is thrown into longitudinal rugae, or valves, which are at some distance 

 from each other, and these receive lateral folds. The duodenum in the bottle- 

 nose swells out into a large cavity, and might almost be reckoned an 8th sto- 

 mach ; but as the gall ducts enter it I shall call it duodenum. 



The inner coat of the jejunum, and ilium, appears in irregular folds, which 

 may vary according as the muscular coat of the int-^stine acts : yet I do not be- 

 lieve, that their form depends entirely on that circumstance, as they run longi- 

 tudinally, and take a serpentine course when the gut is shortened by the con- 

 traction of the longitudinal muscular fibres. The intestinal canal of the por- 

 poise has several longitudinal folds of the inner coat passing along it, through 

 the whole of its length. In the bottle-nose the inner coat, through nearly the 

 whole track of the intestine, is thrown into large cells, and these again siJb- 

 divided into smaller ; the axis of which cells is not perpendicular to a transverse 

 section of the intestine, but oblique, forming pouches with the mouths down- 

 wards, and acting almost like valves, when any thing is attempted to be passed 

 in a contrary direction : they begin faintly in the duodenum, before it makes its 

 quick turn, and terminate near the anus. The colon and rectum have the rugae 

 very flat, which seems to depend entirely on the contraction of the gut. 



