460 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 



fair-sized tree, to within twenty miles of the lake ; at the Hudson Bay 

 Co.'s Post it appears as a small shrub, and is wholly wanting on 

 Eupert Eiver. (J. M. Macoun,} It is found at Eupert House, 

 James Bay, and in the neighborhood of Moose Factory. The northern 

 limit crosses the Albany at some distance from the sea, and continues 

 westward to a point about seventy-five miles south-west of Trout Lake, 

 where it turns south-west and reaches the southern extremity of Lake 

 Winnipeg, thence it turns south to the United States boundary. (R. 

 Bell.} A few trees are found near the mouth of the Saskatchewan, 

 and the last of it is seen on Cedar Lake, in that river, in lat. 53.30'. 

 (Cochrane.) 



(2063.) T. gigantea, Nuttall. Western White Cedar. 



T. plicata, Don. Nuttall Sylva, III., 103. 

 T. Menziesii, Douglas. Gordon Pinetum, 323. 



This is one of the finest trees of Western America, both as regards 

 height and diameter. On the line of the Canadian Pacific Eailway it 

 first appears as a shrub on the mountains about Kicking Horse Lake, 

 at an altitude of 6,000 feet, going westward down the valley of the 

 Kicking Horse it soon becomes a small tree, but in the Columbia val- 

 ley is rather scarce until about ten miles below Donald, where it forms 

 large groves, and in the valleys of Beaver Creek and the Illecillewaet, 

 in the Selkirk Mountains it reaches a height of over 150'feet, with a 

 diameter of frequently over ten feet. (Macoun.'} It occurs abund- 

 antly and well-grown in the lower parts of the lateral valleys of the 

 Colurnbia-Kootanie valley, on the north-east side, south of the Kicking 

 Horse, but does not descend into the last-named great valley, which has 

 a comparatively dry climate. In British Columbia this tree abounds 

 along the coast and lower parts of the rivers of the Coast Eange, north- 

 ward to Alaska, but is unknown in the dry central plateau, yet it 

 appears abundantly on the slopes of the Selkirk and Gold Eanges. On 

 the Salmon Eiver the cedar ceases at forty-five miles from the head of 

 Dean Inlet, at an elevation of 2,400 feet, though, like the hemlock, it 

 is again found sparingly, and in a stunted form in the lower part of 

 the Iltasyouco valley, east of the range. On the Homathco it ceases 

 at a distance of sixty-three miles from the coast at an elevation of 

 2,720 feet. On the Uz-tli-hoos it ends, with the hemlock, at about six 

 miles above Boston Bar ; on the Coquihalla, just south of the summit 

 between that river and the Cold water. Cedars are also found sparingly 

 on the Skaist Eiver, or east branch of the Skagit, and a few were 

 observed on the banks of the Similkameen, about thirteen miles below 

 Vermilion Forks. It extends westward from the flanks of the Gold 

 Eange, in the Coldstream valley, sparingly, to within eight miles of 



